{"dataset":{"name":"U.S. Drinking Water Quality — Contaminant Measurements","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","homepage":"https://www.thewatermap.com"},"meta":{"generatedAt":"2026-06-04T02:09:15.239Z"},"system":{"slug":"ca__pico-wd__CA1910125__2020","name":"Pico Wd — Pico Rivera, Ca","state":"CA","year":2020,"url":"https://www.thewatermap.com/water/ca/pico-wd-pico-rivera-ca/2020","apiUrl":"https://www.thewatermap.com/api/water/ca/pico-wd-pico-rivera-ca/2020","markdownUrl":"https://www.thewatermap.com/water/ca/pico-wd-pico-rivera-ca/2020/llms.txt","coordinates":{"latitude":34.0406717,"longitude":-118.2661915},"contaminantsMeasured":20,"contaminantsWithFederalLimit":12,"contaminantsAtOrAboveLimit":2,"contaminantsApproachingLimit":1,"source":{"type":"Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)","description":"Figures are transcribed from the water utility's own annual Consumer Confidence Report, cross-checked by a second model, and approved by a person before publishing."},"families":[{"family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"haa5","name":"HAA5","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":1.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.1"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.1"},{"value":2.3,"low":0,"high":2.3,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.3","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0 - 2.3"}]},{"analyteId":"tthm","name":"TTHM","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":5.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"5.1"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.1"},{"value":13,"low":1.1,"high":13,"kind":"range","display":"1.1–13","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.1 - 13"}]}]},{"family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"fluoride","name":"Fluoride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16984-48-8","whatItIs":"A mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.","whyItMatters":"Beneficial at low levels, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause bone disease and tooth mottling.","measured":{"value":0.33,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.33","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.33"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.33,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.33","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.33"},{"value":0.38,"low":0.27,"high":0.38,"kind":"range","display":"0.27–0.38","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.27 - 0.38"}]},{"analyteId":"nitrate","name":"Nitrate","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"14797-55-8","whatItIs":"A compound from fertilizer runoff, septic systems, and erosion of natural deposits.","whyItMatters":"Levels above the federal limit can cause 'blue baby syndrome,' a serious oxygen-transport condition in infants.","measured":{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.1"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"approaching","label":"Approaching the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"8.1"},{"value":11,"low":0,"high":11,"kind":"range","display":"0–11","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND - 11"}]}]},{"family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"arsenic","name":"Arsenic","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-38-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring element that also enters water from industry and agriculture.","whyItMatters":"A known human carcinogen; long-term exposure is linked to skin, bladder, and lung cancer.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":true,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"ND"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.4,"low":0,"high":2.4,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.4","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND - 2.4"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND"}]},{"analyteId":"barium","name":"Barium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-39-3","whatItIs":"A metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit can raise blood pressure.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":true,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"ND"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":2,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.12,"low":0,"high":0.12,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.12","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND - 0.12"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND"}]},{"analyteId":"copper","name":"Copper","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-50-8","whatItIs":"A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing.","whyItMatters":"Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":0.37,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.37","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.37 (g)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.37,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.37","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"0.37 (g)"}]},{"analyteId":"lead","name":"Lead","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-92-1","whatItIs":"A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures.","whyItMatters":"There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.","measured":{"value":3.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.9","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"3.9 (g)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":3.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.9","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"3.9 (g)"}]}]},{"family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"ecoli","name":"Escherichia coli (E. coli)","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Escherichia coli — bacteria found in the gut of humans and animals.","whyItMatters":"Its presence in drinking water indicates fecal contamination and a real risk of waterborne illness.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0%"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"none","label":"None detected"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"}]},{"analyteId":"total_coliform","name":"Total Coliform","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A group of bacteria used as an indicator of overall water-system sanitation.","whyItMatters":"Coliforms themselves are usually harmless, but their presence signals that disease-causing organisms could enter the system.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0%"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"none","label":"None detected"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"}]}]},{"family":"other","familyLabel":"Other","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"chlorine_free","name":"Chlorine Free","family":"other","familyLabel":"Other","casrn":null,"whatItIs":null,"whyItMatters":null,"measured":{"value":0.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.3"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.79,"low":0.19,"high":0.79,"kind":"range","display":"0.19–0.79","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.19-0.79"},{"value":0.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.3"}]}]},{"family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"pfbs","name":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"375-73-5","whatItIs":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Has no standalone limit but is part of the EPA PFAS Hazard Index that limits PFAS in combination.","measured":{"value":6.13,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.13","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"6.13"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9.6,"low":3.9,"high":9.6,"kind":"range","display":"3.9–9.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"3.9-9.6"},{"value":6.13,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.13","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"6.13"}]},{"analyteId":"pfoa","name":"PFOA","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"335-67-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in nonstick and stain-resistant products.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, liver damage, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":12.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"12.3"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"ng/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":17,"low":7.7,"high":17,"kind":"range","display":"7.7–17","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"7.7-17"},{"value":12.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"12.3"}]},{"analyteId":"pfos","name":"PFOS","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"1763-23-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in firefighting foam and coatings.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, thyroid disease, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":24.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"24.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"24.3"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"ng/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":24.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"24.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"24.3"},{"value":41,"low":14,"high":41,"kind":"range","display":"14–41","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"14-41"}]}]},{"family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"turbidity","name":"Turbidity","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water.","whyItMatters":"High turbidity can shelter microbes from disinfection; the EPA enforces it through a treatment-technique standard.","measured":{"value":0.01,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.01","units":"NTU","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.01"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":1,"units":"NTU","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.01,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.01","units":"NTU","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.01"},{"value":0.18,"low":0,"high":0.18,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.18","units":"NTU","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"ND - 0.18"}]}]},{"family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"combined_radium","name":"Combined Radium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.","measured":{"value":0.26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.26","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.26"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.26,"low":0.26,"high":0.26,"kind":"range","display":"0.26–0.26","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.26-0.26"},{"value":0.26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.26","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.26"},{"value":0.21,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.21","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.21"},{"value":0.37,"low":0.046,"high":0.37,"kind":"range","display":"0.046–0.37","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.046-0.37"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_alpha","name":"Gross Alpha","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.7"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":15,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":8.7,"low":8.7,"high":8.7,"kind":"range","display":"8.7–8.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"8.7-8.7"},{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"8.7"}]},{"analyteId":"uranium","name":"Uranium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":"7440-61-1","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring radioactive metal from erosion of natural deposits.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit can damage the kidneys and increase cancer risk.","measured":{"value":5.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"5.7"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":20,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"5.7"},{"value":5.7,"low":5.7,"high":5.7,"kind":"range","display":"5.7–5.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"5.7-5.7"}]}]},{"family":"voc_pesticide","familyLabel":"VOCs & pesticides","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"tetrachloroethylene","name":"Tetrachloroethylene","family":"voc_pesticide","familyLabel":"VOCs & pesticides","casrn":"127-18-4","whatItIs":"An industrial solvent (PCE) used in dry cleaning and degreasing.","whyItMatters":"A likely human carcinogen; long-term exposure above the federal limit can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":1.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.7"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"1.7"},{"value":4.5,"low":0,"high":4.5,"kind":"range","display":"0–4.5","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND-4.5"}]},{"analyteId":"trichloroethylene","name":"Trichloroethylene","family":"voc_pesticide","familyLabel":"VOCs & pesticides","casrn":"79-01-6","whatItIs":"An industrial solvent (TCE) used in metal degreasing.","whyItMatters":"A known human carcinogen; long-term exposure above the federal limit can damage the liver.","measured":{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.57"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1.7,"low":0,"high":1.7,"kind":"range","display":"0–1.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND-1.7"},{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.57"}]}]}],"contaminants":[{"analyteId":"haa5","name":"HAA5","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":1.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.1"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.1"},{"value":2.3,"low":0,"high":2.3,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.3","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0 - 2.3"}]},{"analyteId":"tthm","name":"TTHM","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":5.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"5.1"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.1","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.1"},{"value":13,"low":1.1,"high":13,"kind":"range","display":"1.1–13","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.1 - 13"}]},{"analyteId":"fluoride","name":"Fluoride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16984-48-8","whatItIs":"A mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.","whyItMatters":"Beneficial at low levels, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause bone disease and tooth mottling.","measured":{"value":0.33,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.33","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.33"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.33,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.33","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.33"},{"value":0.38,"low":0.27,"high":0.38,"kind":"range","display":"0.27–0.38","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.27 - 0.38"}]},{"analyteId":"nitrate","name":"Nitrate","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"14797-55-8","whatItIs":"A compound from fertilizer runoff, septic systems, and erosion of natural deposits.","whyItMatters":"Levels above the federal limit can cause 'blue baby syndrome,' a serious oxygen-transport condition in infants.","measured":{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.1"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"approaching","label":"Approaching the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"8.1"},{"value":11,"low":0,"high":11,"kind":"range","display":"0–11","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND - 11"}]},{"analyteId":"arsenic","name":"Arsenic","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-38-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring element that also enters water from industry and agriculture.","whyItMatters":"A known human carcinogen; long-term exposure is linked to skin, bladder, and lung cancer.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":true,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"ND"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.4,"low":0,"high":2.4,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.4","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND - 2.4"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND"}]},{"analyteId":"barium","name":"Barium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-39-3","whatItIs":"A metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit can raise blood pressure.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":true,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"ND"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":2,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.12,"low":0,"high":0.12,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.12","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND - 0.12"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"non_detect","display":"Not detected","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND"}]},{"analyteId":"copper","name":"Copper","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-50-8","whatItIs":"A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing.","whyItMatters":"Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":0.37,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.37","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.37 (g)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.37,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.37","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"0.37 (g)"}]},{"analyteId":"lead","name":"Lead","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-92-1","whatItIs":"A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures.","whyItMatters":"There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.","measured":{"value":3.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.9","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"3.9 (g)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":3.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.9","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"3.9 (g)"}]},{"analyteId":"ecoli","name":"Escherichia coli (E. coli)","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Escherichia coli — bacteria found in the gut of humans and animals.","whyItMatters":"Its presence in drinking water indicates fecal contamination and a real risk of waterborne illness.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0%"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"none","label":"None detected"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"}]},{"analyteId":"total_coliform","name":"Total Coliform","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A group of bacteria used as an indicator of overall water-system sanitation.","whyItMatters":"Coliforms themselves are usually harmless, but their presence signals that disease-causing organisms could enter the system.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0%"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"none","label":"None detected"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0%"}]},{"analyteId":"chlorine_free","name":"Chlorine Free","family":"other","familyLabel":"Other","casrn":null,"whatItIs":null,"whyItMatters":null,"measured":{"value":0.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.3"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.79,"low":0.19,"high":0.79,"kind":"range","display":"0.19–0.79","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.19-0.79"},{"value":0.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.3"}]},{"analyteId":"pfbs","name":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"375-73-5","whatItIs":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Has no standalone limit but is part of the EPA PFAS Hazard Index that limits PFAS in combination.","measured":{"value":6.13,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.13","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"6.13"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9.6,"low":3.9,"high":9.6,"kind":"range","display":"3.9–9.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"3.9-9.6"},{"value":6.13,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.13","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"6.13"}]},{"analyteId":"pfoa","name":"PFOA","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"335-67-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in nonstick and stain-resistant products.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, liver damage, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":12.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"12.3"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"ng/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":17,"low":7.7,"high":17,"kind":"range","display":"7.7–17","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"7.7-17"},{"value":12.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"12.3"}]},{"analyteId":"pfos","name":"PFOS","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"1763-23-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in firefighting foam and coatings.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, thyroid disease, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":24.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"24.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"24.3"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"ng/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":24.3,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"24.3","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"24.3"},{"value":41,"low":14,"high":41,"kind":"range","display":"14–41","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"14-41"}]},{"analyteId":"turbidity","name":"Turbidity","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water.","whyItMatters":"High turbidity can shelter microbes from disinfection; the EPA enforces it through a treatment-technique standard.","measured":{"value":0.01,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.01","units":"NTU","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.01"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":1,"units":"NTU","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.01,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.01","units":"NTU","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.01"},{"value":0.18,"low":0,"high":0.18,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.18","units":"NTU","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"ND - 0.18"}]},{"analyteId":"combined_radium","name":"Combined Radium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.","measured":{"value":0.26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.26","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.26"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.26,"low":0.26,"high":0.26,"kind":"range","display":"0.26–0.26","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.26-0.26"},{"value":0.26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.26","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.26"},{"value":0.21,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.21","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.21"},{"value":0.37,"low":0.046,"high":0.37,"kind":"range","display":"0.046–0.37","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.046-0.37"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_alpha","name":"Gross Alpha","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.7"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":15,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":8.7,"low":8.7,"high":8.7,"kind":"range","display":"8.7–8.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"8.7-8.7"},{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"8.7"}]},{"analyteId":"uranium","name":"Uranium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":"7440-61-1","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring radioactive metal from erosion of natural deposits.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit can damage the kidneys and increase cancer risk.","measured":{"value":5.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"5.7"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":20,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"5.7"},{"value":5.7,"low":5.7,"high":5.7,"kind":"range","display":"5.7–5.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"5.7-5.7"}]},{"analyteId":"tetrachloroethylene","name":"Tetrachloroethylene","family":"voc_pesticide","familyLabel":"VOCs & pesticides","casrn":"127-18-4","whatItIs":"An industrial solvent (PCE) used in dry cleaning and degreasing.","whyItMatters":"A likely human carcinogen; long-term exposure above the federal limit can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":1.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.7"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.7","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"1.7"},{"value":4.5,"low":0,"high":4.5,"kind":"range","display":"0–4.5","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND-4.5"}]},{"analyteId":"trichloroethylene","name":"Trichloroethylene","family":"voc_pesticide","familyLabel":"VOCs & pesticides","casrn":"79-01-6","whatItIs":"An industrial solvent (TCE) used in metal degreasing.","whyItMatters":"A known human carcinogen; long-term exposure above the federal limit can damage the liver.","measured":{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.57"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1.7,"low":0,"high":1.7,"kind":"range","display":"0–1.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"ND-1.7"},{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:Groundwater","rawVerbatim":"0.57"}]}]}}