{"dataset":{"name":"U.S. Drinking Water Quality — Contaminant Measurements","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","homepage":"https://www.thewatermap.com"},"meta":{"generatedAt":"2026-05-25T20:08:46.623Z"},"system":{"slug":"metro__072__lincoln","name":"Lincoln","state":"NE","year":2025,"url":"https://www.thewatermap.com/water/ne/lincoln/2025","apiUrl":"https://www.thewatermap.com/api/water/ne/lincoln/2025","markdownUrl":"https://www.thewatermap.com/water/ne/lincoln/2025/llms.txt","coordinates":{"latitude":40.8088861,"longitude":-96.7077751},"contaminantsMeasured":15,"contaminantsWithFederalLimit":11,"contaminantsAtOrAboveLimit":0,"contaminantsApproachingLimit":0,"source":{"type":"Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)","description":"Figures are transcribed from the water utility's own annual Consumer Confidence Report, cross-checked by a second model, and approved by a person before publishing."},"families":[{"family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"chloramine","name":"Chloramine","family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A longer-lasting disinfectant made by combining chlorine with ammonia.","whyItMatters":"Holds disinfection further into the pipe network, but is regulated under the same residual-disinfectant cap as chlorine.","measured":{"value":2.44,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2.44","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"2.44 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MRDL","value":4,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.44,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2.44","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"2.44 ppm"},{"value":3.77,"low":0.02,"high":3.77,"kind":"range","display":"0.02–3.77","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"0.02 - 3.77 ppm"}]}]},{"family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"bromate","name":"Bromate","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":"15541-45-4","whatItIs":"A disinfection byproduct formed when bromide-containing water is treated with ozone.","whyItMatters":"Classified as a probable human carcinogen; the EPA sets a strict maximum contaminant level.","measured":{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.57 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.57 ppb"},{"value":2.8,"low":0,"high":2.8,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.8","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"ND - 2.8 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"haa5","name":"HAA5","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":19.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"19.8","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"19.8 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":60,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":33.4,"low":0,"high":33.4,"kind":"range","display":"0–33.4","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"ND - 33.4 ppb"},{"value":19.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"19.8","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"19.8 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"tthm","name":"TTHM","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":32.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"32.4","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"32.4 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":80,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":32.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"32.4","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"32.4 ppb"},{"value":49,"low":19,"high":49,"kind":"range","display":"19–49","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"19 - 49 ppb"}]}]},{"family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"fluoride","name":"Fluoride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16984-48-8","whatItIs":"A mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.","whyItMatters":"Beneficial at low levels, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause bone disease and tooth mottling.","measured":{"value":0.76,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.76","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.76 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.19},{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":0.73,"high":0.76,"display":"0.73–0.76"},"ratio":0.19}],"measurements":[{"value":0.76,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.76","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"0.76 ppm"},{"value":0.76,"low":0.73,"high":0.76,"kind":"range","display":"0.73–0.76","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"0.73-0.76 ppm"}]}]},{"family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"arsenic","name":"Arsenic","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-38-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring element that also enters water from industry and agriculture.","whyItMatters":"A known human carcinogen; long-term exposure is linked to skin, bladder, and lung cancer.","measured":{"value":7.7,"low":7.1,"high":7.7,"kind":"range","display":"7.1–7.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"7.1 - 7.7 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":7.1,"high":7.7,"display":"7.1–7.7"},"ratio":0.77},{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.76}],"measurements":[{"value":7.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"7.6","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"7.6 ppb"},{"value":7.7,"low":7.1,"high":7.7,"kind":"range","display":"7.1–7.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"7.1 - 7.7 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"barium","name":"Barium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-39-3","whatItIs":"A metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit can raise blood pressure.","measured":{"value":0.132,"low":0.115,"high":0.132,"kind":"range","display":"0.115–0.132","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.115-0.132 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":2,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":0.115,"high":0.132,"display":"0.115–0.132"},"ratio":0.066},{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.066}],"measurements":[{"value":0.132,"low":0.115,"high":0.132,"kind":"range","display":"0.115–0.132","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"0.115-0.132 ppm"},{"value":0.132,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.132","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"0.132 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"copper","name":"Copper","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-50-8","whatItIs":"A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing.","whyItMatters":"Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":990,"low":10,"high":990,"kind":"range","display":"10–990","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"Range of Copper results for the sampling period was 10 - 990 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"0 out of 55"},{"value":0.84,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.84","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"0.84 ppm"},{"value":990,"low":10,"high":990,"kind":"range","display":"10–990","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"Range of Copper results for the sampling period was 10 - 990 ppb"},{"value":990,"low":10,"high":990,"kind":"range","display":"10–990","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"Range of Copper results for the sampling period was 10 - 990 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"lead","name":"Lead","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-92-1","whatItIs":"A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures.","whyItMatters":"There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.","measured":{"value":27.6,"low":0,"high":27.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–27.6","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"Range of Lead results for the sampling period was ND - 27.6 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":3.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.4","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"3.40 ppb"},{"value":1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"1 out of 55"},{"value":27.6,"low":0,"high":27.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–27.6","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"Range of Lead results for the sampling period was ND - 27.6 ppb"},{"value":27.6,"low":0,"high":27.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–27.6","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"Range of Lead results for the sampling period was ND - 27.6 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"lithium","name":"Lithium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-93-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring element found in some groundwater.","whyItMatters":"No enforceable federal limit; on the EPA contaminant candidate list for further study.","measured":{"value":20.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"20.9","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"20.9 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":23.7,"low":19.7,"high":23.7,"kind":"range","display":"19.7–23.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"19.7-23.7 ppb"},{"value":20.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"20.9","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"20.9 ppb"},{"value":2023,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2023","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Sample Data","rawVerbatim":"2023"}]},{"analyteId":"selenium","name":"Selenium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7782-49-2","whatItIs":"A trace element from natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Essential in tiny amounts, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause hair and fingernail loss and circulatory problems.","measured":{"value":7.27,"low":4.57,"high":7.27,"kind":"range","display":"4.57–7.27","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"4.57 - 7.27 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":50,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":4.57,"high":7.27,"display":"4.57–7.27"},"ratio":0.1454},{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.1454}],"measurements":[{"value":7.27,"low":4.57,"high":7.27,"kind":"range","display":"4.57–7.27","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"4.57 - 7.27 ppb"},{"value":7.27,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"7.27","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"7.27 ppb"}]}]},{"family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"total_coliform","name":"Total Coliform","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A group of bacteria used as an indicator of overall water-system sanitation.","whyItMatters":"Coliforms themselves are usually harmless, but their presence signals that disease-causing organisms could enter the system.","measured":{"value":1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"plant:Monthly Positive Coliform Samples","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1 (0.6%)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"plant:Monthly Positive Coliform Samples","rawVerbatim":"1 (0.6%)"}]}]},{"family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"turbidity","name":"Turbidity","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water.","whyItMatters":"High turbidity can shelter microbes from disinfection; the EPA enforces it through a treatment-technique standard.","measured":{"value":0.16,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.16","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.16 NTU"},"federalStandard":{"type":"TT","value":95,"units":null,"enforceable":false},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.16,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.16","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.16 NTU"}]}]},{"family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"combined_radium","name":"Combined Radium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.","measured":{"value":2,"low":1.05,"high":2,"kind":"range","display":"1.05–2","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.05-2.0 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":1.05,"high":2,"display":"1.05–2"},"ratio":0.4},{"context":"plant:Test Result","label":"Test Result","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.4}],"measurements":[{"value":2,"low":1.05,"high":2,"kind":"range","display":"1.05–2","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"1.05-2.0 pCi/L"},{"value":2,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Result","rawVerbatim":"2.0 pG/L"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_alpha","name":"Gross Alpha","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":11,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"11","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Result","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"11.0 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":15,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:Test Result","label":"Test Result","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.7333333333333333},{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":6.58,"high":11,"display":"6.58–11"},"ratio":0.7333333333333333}],"measurements":[{"value":11,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"11","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Result","rawVerbatim":"11.0 pCi/L"},{"value":11,"low":6.58,"high":11,"kind":"range","display":"6.58–11","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"6.58 - 11.0 pCi/L"}]}]}],"contaminants":[{"analyteId":"chloramine","name":"Chloramine","family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A longer-lasting disinfectant made by combining chlorine with ammonia.","whyItMatters":"Holds disinfection further into the pipe network, but is regulated under the same residual-disinfectant cap as chlorine.","measured":{"value":2.44,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2.44","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"2.44 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MRDL","value":4,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.44,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2.44","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"2.44 ppm"},{"value":3.77,"low":0.02,"high":3.77,"kind":"range","display":"0.02–3.77","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"0.02 - 3.77 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"bromate","name":"Bromate","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":"15541-45-4","whatItIs":"A disinfection byproduct formed when bromide-containing water is treated with ozone.","whyItMatters":"Classified as a probable human carcinogen; the EPA sets a strict maximum contaminant level.","measured":{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.57 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.57,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.57","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.57 ppb"},{"value":2.8,"low":0,"high":2.8,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.8","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"ND - 2.8 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"haa5","name":"HAA5","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":19.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"19.8","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"19.8 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":60,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":33.4,"low":0,"high":33.4,"kind":"range","display":"0–33.4","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"ND - 33.4 ppb"},{"value":19.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"19.8","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"19.8 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"tthm","name":"TTHM","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":32.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"32.4","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"32.4 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":80,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":32.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"32.4","units":null,"statisticType":"running_annual_avg","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"32.4 ppb"},{"value":49,"low":19,"high":49,"kind":"range","display":"19–49","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"19 - 49 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"fluoride","name":"Fluoride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16984-48-8","whatItIs":"A mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.","whyItMatters":"Beneficial at low levels, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause bone disease and tooth mottling.","measured":{"value":0.76,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.76","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.76 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.19},{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":0.73,"high":0.76,"display":"0.73–0.76"},"ratio":0.19}],"measurements":[{"value":0.76,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.76","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"0.76 ppm"},{"value":0.76,"low":0.73,"high":0.76,"kind":"range","display":"0.73–0.76","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"0.73-0.76 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"arsenic","name":"Arsenic","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-38-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring element that also enters water from industry and agriculture.","whyItMatters":"A known human carcinogen; long-term exposure is linked to skin, bladder, and lung cancer.","measured":{"value":7.7,"low":7.1,"high":7.7,"kind":"range","display":"7.1–7.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"7.1 - 7.7 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":7.1,"high":7.7,"display":"7.1–7.7"},"ratio":0.77},{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.76}],"measurements":[{"value":7.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"7.6","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"7.6 ppb"},{"value":7.7,"low":7.1,"high":7.7,"kind":"range","display":"7.1–7.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"7.1 - 7.7 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"barium","name":"Barium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-39-3","whatItIs":"A metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit can raise blood pressure.","measured":{"value":0.132,"low":0.115,"high":0.132,"kind":"range","display":"0.115–0.132","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.115-0.132 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":2,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":0.115,"high":0.132,"display":"0.115–0.132"},"ratio":0.066},{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.066}],"measurements":[{"value":0.132,"low":0.115,"high":0.132,"kind":"range","display":"0.115–0.132","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"0.115-0.132 ppm"},{"value":0.132,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.132","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"0.132 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"copper","name":"Copper","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-50-8","whatItIs":"A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing.","whyItMatters":"Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":990,"low":10,"high":990,"kind":"range","display":"10–990","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"Range of Copper results for the sampling period was 10 - 990 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"0 out of 55"},{"value":0.84,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.84","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"0.84 ppm"},{"value":990,"low":10,"high":990,"kind":"range","display":"10–990","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"Range of Copper results for the sampling period was 10 - 990 ppb"},{"value":990,"low":10,"high":990,"kind":"range","display":"10–990","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"Range of Copper results for the sampling period was 10 - 990 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"lead","name":"Lead","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-92-1","whatItIs":"A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures.","whyItMatters":"There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.","measured":{"value":27.6,"low":0,"high":27.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–27.6","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"Range of Lead results for the sampling period was ND - 27.6 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":3.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.4","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"3.40 ppb"},{"value":1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"1 out of 55"},{"value":27.6,"low":0,"high":27.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–27.6","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Number of homes considered to have elevated levels","rawVerbatim":"Range of Lead results for the sampling period was ND - 27.6 ppb"},{"value":27.6,"low":0,"high":27.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–27.6","units":"%","statisticType":"p90","samplingContext":"at_the_tap","rawVerbatim":"Range of Lead results for the sampling period was ND - 27.6 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"lithium","name":"Lithium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-93-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring element found in some groundwater.","whyItMatters":"No enforceable federal limit; on the EPA contaminant candidate list for further study.","measured":{"value":20.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"20.9","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"20.9 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":23.7,"low":19.7,"high":23.7,"kind":"range","display":"19.7–23.7","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"19.7-23.7 ppb"},{"value":20.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"20.9","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"20.9 ppb"},{"value":2023,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2023","units":null,"statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"plant:Sample Data","rawVerbatim":"2023"}]},{"analyteId":"selenium","name":"Selenium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7782-49-2","whatItIs":"A trace element from natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Essential in tiny amounts, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause hair and fingernail loss and circulatory problems.","measured":{"value":7.27,"low":4.57,"high":7.27,"kind":"range","display":"4.57–7.27","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"4.57 - 7.27 ppb"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":50,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":4.57,"high":7.27,"display":"4.57–7.27"},"ratio":0.1454},{"context":"plant:Test Reslt","label":"Test Reslt","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.1454}],"measurements":[{"value":7.27,"low":4.57,"high":7.27,"kind":"range","display":"4.57–7.27","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"4.57 - 7.27 ppb"},{"value":7.27,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"7.27","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Reslt","rawVerbatim":"7.27 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"total_coliform","name":"Total Coliform","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A group of bacteria used as an indicator of overall water-system sanitation.","whyItMatters":"Coliforms themselves are usually harmless, but their presence signals that disease-causing organisms could enter the system.","measured":{"value":1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"plant:Monthly Positive Coliform Samples","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1 (0.6%)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"plant:Monthly Positive Coliform Samples","rawVerbatim":"1 (0.6%)"}]},{"analyteId":"turbidity","name":"Turbidity","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water.","whyItMatters":"High turbidity can shelter microbes from disinfection; the EPA enforces it through a treatment-technique standard.","measured":{"value":0.16,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.16","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.16 NTU"},"federalStandard":{"type":"TT","value":95,"units":null,"enforceable":false},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.16,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.16","units":null,"statisticType":"max_single","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.16 NTU"}]},{"analyteId":"combined_radium","name":"Combined Radium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.","measured":{"value":2,"low":1.05,"high":2,"kind":"range","display":"1.05–2","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.05-2.0 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":1.05,"high":2,"display":"1.05–2"},"ratio":0.4},{"context":"plant:Test Result","label":"Test Result","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.4}],"measurements":[{"value":2,"low":1.05,"high":2,"kind":"range","display":"1.05–2","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"1.05-2.0 pCi/L"},{"value":2,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"2","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Result","rawVerbatim":"2.0 pG/L"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_alpha","name":"Gross Alpha","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":11,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"11","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Result","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"11.0 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":15,"units":null,"enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[{"context":"plant:Test Result","label":"Test Result","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":null,"ratio":0.7333333333333333},{"context":"plant:of Test Results","label":"of Test Results","kind":"plant","units":"","average":null,"range":{"low":6.58,"high":11,"display":"6.58–11"},"ratio":0.7333333333333333}],"measurements":[{"value":11,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"11","units":null,"statisticType":"max","samplingContext":"plant:Test Result","rawVerbatim":"11.0 pCi/L"},{"value":11,"low":6.58,"high":11,"kind":"range","display":"6.58–11","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"plant:of Test Results","rawVerbatim":"6.58 - 11.0 pCi/L"}]}]}}