{"dataset":{"name":"U.S. Drinking Water Quality — Contaminant Measurements","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","homepage":"https://www.thewatermap.com"},"meta":{"generatedAt":"2026-07-10T02:48:47.839Z"},"system":{"slug":"metro__179__columbia","name":"Columbia","state":"SC","year":2024,"url":"https://www.thewatermap.com/water/sc/columbia/2024","apiUrl":"https://www.thewatermap.com/api/water/sc/columbia/2024","markdownUrl":"https://www.thewatermap.com/water/sc/columbia/2024/llms.txt","coordinates":{"latitude":34.000754,"longitude":-81.0352313},"contaminantsMeasured":31,"contaminantsWithFederalLimit":6,"contaminantsAtOrAboveLimit":5,"contaminantsApproachingLimit":2,"source":{"type":"Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)","description":"Figures are transcribed from the water utility's own annual Consumer Confidence Report, cross-checked by a second model, and approved by a person before publishing."},"families":[{"family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"chloramine","name":"Chloramine","family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A longer-lasting disinfectant made by combining chlorine with ammonia.","whyItMatters":"Holds disinfection further into the pipe network, but is regulated under the same residual-disinfectant cap as chlorine.","measured":{"value":4.3,"low":0.01,"high":4.3,"kind":"range","display":"0.01–4.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.01-4.3 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":4.3,"low":0.01,"high":4.3,"kind":"range","display":"0.01–4.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.01-4.3 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"chlorine","name":"Chlorine","family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A disinfectant added to drinking water to kill bacteria and viruses.","whyItMatters":"Effective and necessary, but high residual levels can cause taste and odor issues; the EPA caps the residual disinfectant level.","measured":{"value":552,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"552","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"552 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":552,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"552","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"552 ppb"},{"value":552,"low":0,"high":552,"kind":"range","display":"0–552","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-552 ppb"},{"value":514,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"514","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"514 ppb"},{"value":514,"low":0,"high":514,"kind":"range","display":"0–514","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-514 ppb"}]}]},{"family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"chlorite","name":"Chlorite","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":"14998-27-7","whatItIs":null,"whyItMatters":null,"measured":{"value":1.32,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.32","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.32 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":1,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.487,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.487","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.487 ppm"},{"value":0.487,"low":0,"high":0.487,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.487","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.487 ppm"},{"value":1.32,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.32","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.32 ppm"},{"value":1.32,"low":0,"high":1.32,"kind":"range","display":"0–1.32","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-1.32 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"haa5","name":"HAA5","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":65,"low":11,"high":65,"kind":"range","display":"11–65","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"11-65 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":29,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"29","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"29 ppb\n(LRAA)"},{"value":65,"low":11,"high":65,"kind":"range","display":"11–65","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"11-65 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"tthm","name":"TTHM","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":67,"low":15,"high":67,"kind":"range","display":"15–67","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"15-67 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"approaching","label":"Approaching the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":34,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"34","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"34 ppb\n(LRAA)"},{"value":67,"low":15,"high":67,"kind":"range","display":"15–67","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"15-67 ppb"}]}]},{"family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"chloride","name":"Chloride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16887-00-6","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring salt compound.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; high levels cause a salty taste and can corrode pipes.","measured":{"value":10.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"10.8","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"10.8"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":12.8,"low":4.9,"high":12.8,"kind":"range","display":"4.9–12.8","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"4.9-12.8"},{"value":10.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"10.8","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"10.8"}]},{"analyteId":"fluoride","name":"Fluoride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16984-48-8","whatItIs":"A mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.","whyItMatters":"Beneficial at low levels, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause bone disease and tooth mottling.","measured":{"value":0.83,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.83","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.83 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.83,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.83","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.83 ppm"},{"value":0.83,"low":0,"high":0.83,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.83","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.83 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"sulfate","name":"Sulfate","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"14808-79-8","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil.","whyItMatters":"No health-based federal limit; high levels can have a laxative effect and a bitter taste.","measured":{"value":21.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"21.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"21.6"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":33.2,"low":15.3,"high":33.2,"kind":"range","display":"15.3–33.2","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"15.3-33.2"},{"value":21.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"21.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"21.6"}]}]},{"family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"calcium","name":"Calcium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-70-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.","measured":{"value":12.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"12.6"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":14,"low":12,"high":14,"kind":"range","display":"12–14","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"12.0-14.0"},{"value":12.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"12.6"}]},{"analyteId":"copper","name":"Copper","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-50-8","whatItIs":"A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing.","whyItMatters":"Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":0.17,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.17","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.17 ppm (90th%)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.17,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.17","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.17 ppm (90th%)"}]},{"analyteId":"iron","name":"Iron","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-89-6","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring metal common in groundwater.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; causes rusty color, staining, and metallic taste.","measured":{"value":92,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"92","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"92.0"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":92,"low":0,"high":92,"kind":"range","display":"0–92","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-92.0"},{"value":92,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"92","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"92.0"}]},{"analyteId":"lead","name":"Lead","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-92-1","whatItIs":"A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures.","whyItMatters":"There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.","measured":{"value":6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"6 ppb (90th%)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"6 ppb (90th%)"}]},{"analyteId":"magnesium","name":"Magnesium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-95-4","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.","measured":{"value":1.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.9","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.9"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.1,"low":1.5,"high":2.1,"kind":"range","display":"1.5–2.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.5-2.1"},{"value":1.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.9","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.9"}]},{"analyteId":"manganese","name":"Manganese","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-96-5","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring metal from soil and rock.","whyItMatters":"No enforceable federal limit; high levels stain fixtures and laundry and can affect taste, with a health advisory for infants.","measured":{"value":14.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"14.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"14.6"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":35,"low":5,"high":35,"kind":"range","display":"5–35","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.0-35.0"},{"value":14.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"14.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"14.6"}]},{"analyteId":"selenium","name":"Selenium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7782-49-2","whatItIs":"A trace element from natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Essential in tiny amounts, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause hair and fingernail loss and circulatory problems.","measured":{"value":3.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"3.60 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":3.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"3.60 ppb"},{"value":3.6,"low":0,"high":3.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–3.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-3.60 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"sodium","name":"Sodium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-23-5","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring salt component.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; relevant for people on sodium-restricted diets.","measured":{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.1"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9.7,"low":5.4,"high":9.7,"kind":"range","display":"5.4–9.7","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.4-9.7"},{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"8.1"}]}]},{"family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"total_coliform","name":"Total Coliform","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A group of bacteria used as an indicator of overall water-system sanitation.","whyItMatters":"Coliforms themselves are usually harmless, but their presence signals that disease-causing organisms could enter the system.","measured":{"value":2.6,"low":0,"high":2.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.6","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0-2.6%"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.6,"low":0,"high":2.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.6","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-2.6%"}]}]},{"family":"other","familyLabel":"Other","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"nitrate_nitrite","name":"Nitrate Nitrite","family":"other","familyLabel":"Other","casrn":null,"whatItIs":null,"whyItMatters":null,"measured":{"value":0.43,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.43","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.43 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.43,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.43","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.43 ppm"},{"value":0.43,"low":0,"high":0.43,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.43","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.43 ppm"}]}]},{"family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"hfpo_da","name":"Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"13252-13-6","whatItIs":"HFPO-DA ('GenX chemicals'), a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound.","whyItMatters":"Regulated by the EPA at 10 parts per trillion and included in the PFAS Hazard Index.","measured":{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0087"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"approaching","label":"Approaching the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9.2,"low":8.200000000000001,"high":9.2,"kind":"range","display":"8.200000000000001–9.2","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0082-0.0092"},{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0087"}]},{"analyteId":"pfbs","name":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"375-73-5","whatItIs":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Has no standalone limit but is part of the EPA PFAS Hazard Index that limits PFAS in combination.","measured":{"value":4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0040"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":4.6,"low":3.5,"high":4.6,"kind":"range","display":"3.5–4.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0035-0.0046"},{"value":4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0040"}]},{"analyteId":"pfhxa","name":"Perfluorohexanoic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"307-24-4","whatItIs":"Perfluorohexanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Monitored under EPA rules; persistent and widely detected.","measured":{"value":4.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0045"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.4,"low":3.5,"high":5.4,"kind":"range","display":"3.5–5.4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0035-0.0054"},{"value":4.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0045"},{"value":3.9,"low":3.7,"high":3.9,"kind":"range","display":"3.7–3.9","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0037-0.0039"},{"value":3.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.8","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0038"}]},{"analyteId":"pfpea","name":"Perfluoropentanoic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"2706-90-3","whatItIs":"Perfluoropentanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Monitored under EPA rules; persistent in the environment.","measured":{"value":4.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0046"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.7,"low":3.5,"high":5.7,"kind":"range","display":"3.5–5.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0035-0.0057"},{"value":4.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0046"},{"value":4.1000000000000005,"low":3.8,"high":4.1000000000000005,"kind":"range","display":"3.8–4.1000000000000005","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0038-0.0041"},{"value":4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0040"}]},{"analyteId":"pfoa","name":"PFOA","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"335-67-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in nonstick and stain-resistant products.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, liver damage, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":5.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0055"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":6.1000000000000005,"low":4.8,"high":6.1000000000000005,"kind":"range","display":"4.8–6.1000000000000005","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0048-0.0061"},{"value":5.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0055"},{"value":4.5,"low":4.2,"high":4.5,"kind":"range","display":"4.2–4.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0042-0.0045"},{"value":4.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0044"}]},{"analyteId":"pfos","name":"PFOS","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"1763-23-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in firefighting foam and coatings.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, thyroid disease, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":6.8999999999999995,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.8999999999999995","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0069"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":7.1000000000000005,"low":6.2,"high":7.1000000000000005,"kind":"range","display":"6.2–7.1000000000000005","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0062-0.0071"},{"value":6.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0067"},{"value":7.2,"low":6.6,"high":7.2,"kind":"range","display":"6.6–7.2","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0066-0.0072"},{"value":6.8999999999999995,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.8999999999999995","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0069"}]}]},{"family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"alkalinity","name":"Alkalinity","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; relevant to corrosion control and treatment.","measured":{"value":26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"26","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"26"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":34,"low":16,"high":34,"kind":"range","display":"16–34","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"16-34"},{"value":26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"26","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"26"}]},{"analyteId":"color","name":"Color","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of visible tint in the water.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"none","label":"None detected"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0"}]},{"analyteId":"hardness","name":"Hardness","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of dissolved calcium and magnesium minerals.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling, soap use, and taste.","measured":{"value":36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"36","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"36"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":53,"low":24,"high":53,"kind":"range","display":"24–53","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"24-53"},{"value":36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"36","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"36"}]},{"analyteId":"ph","name":"pH","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of how acidic or basic the water is.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary standard; very low or high pH can corrode pipes or affect taste.","measured":{"value":8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.0"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9,"low":7.3,"high":9,"kind":"range","display":"7.3–9","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"7.3-9.0"},{"value":8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"8.0"}]}]},{"family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","contaminants":[{"analyteId":"combined_radium","name":"Combined Radium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.","measured":{"value":0.735,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.735","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.735 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":"pCi/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.735,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.735","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.735 pCi/L"},{"value":0.735,"low":0,"high":0.735,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.735","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.735 pCi/L"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_alpha","name":"Gross Alpha","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":0.872,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.872","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.872 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":15,"units":"pCi/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.872,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.872","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.872 pCi/L"},{"value":0.872,"low":0,"high":0.872,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.872","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.872 pCi/L"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_beta","name":"Gross Beta Particle Activity","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross beta particle activity — a combined measure of beta-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal screening level increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":5.36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.36","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"5.36 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.36","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.36 pCi/L"},{"value":5.36,"low":4.73,"high":5.36,"kind":"range","display":"4.73–5.36","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"4.73-5.36 pCi/L"}]}]}],"contaminants":[{"analyteId":"chloramine","name":"Chloramine","family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A longer-lasting disinfectant made by combining chlorine with ammonia.","whyItMatters":"Holds disinfection further into the pipe network, but is regulated under the same residual-disinfectant cap as chlorine.","measured":{"value":4.3,"low":0.01,"high":4.3,"kind":"range","display":"0.01–4.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.01-4.3 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":4.3,"low":0.01,"high":4.3,"kind":"range","display":"0.01–4.3","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.01-4.3 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"chlorine","name":"Chlorine","family":"disinfectant","familyLabel":"Disinfectants","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A disinfectant added to drinking water to kill bacteria and viruses.","whyItMatters":"Effective and necessary, but high residual levels can cause taste and odor issues; the EPA caps the residual disinfectant level.","measured":{"value":552,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"552","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"552 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":552,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"552","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"552 ppb"},{"value":552,"low":0,"high":552,"kind":"range","display":"0–552","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-552 ppb"},{"value":514,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"514","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"514 ppb"},{"value":514,"low":0,"high":514,"kind":"range","display":"0–514","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-514 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"chlorite","name":"Chlorite","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":"14998-27-7","whatItIs":null,"whyItMatters":null,"measured":{"value":1.32,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.32","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.32 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":1,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.487,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.487","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.487 ppm"},{"value":0.487,"low":0,"high":0.487,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.487","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.487 ppm"},{"value":1.32,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.32","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.32 ppm"},{"value":1.32,"low":0,"high":1.32,"kind":"range","display":"0–1.32","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-1.32 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"haa5","name":"HAA5","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":65,"low":11,"high":65,"kind":"range","display":"11–65","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"11-65 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":29,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"29","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"29 ppb\n(LRAA)"},{"value":65,"low":11,"high":65,"kind":"range","display":"11–65","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"11-65 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"tthm","name":"TTHM","family":"disinfection_byproduct","familyLabel":"Disinfection byproducts","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.","measured":{"value":67,"low":15,"high":67,"kind":"range","display":"15–67","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"15-67 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"approaching","label":"Approaching the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":34,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"34","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"34 ppb\n(LRAA)"},{"value":67,"low":15,"high":67,"kind":"range","display":"15–67","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"15-67 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"chloride","name":"Chloride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16887-00-6","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring salt compound.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; high levels cause a salty taste and can corrode pipes.","measured":{"value":10.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"10.8","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"10.8"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":12.8,"low":4.9,"high":12.8,"kind":"range","display":"4.9–12.8","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"4.9-12.8"},{"value":10.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"10.8","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"10.8"}]},{"analyteId":"fluoride","name":"Fluoride","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"16984-48-8","whatItIs":"A mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.","whyItMatters":"Beneficial at low levels, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause bone disease and tooth mottling.","measured":{"value":0.83,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.83","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.83 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":4,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.83,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.83","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.83 ppm"},{"value":0.83,"low":0,"high":0.83,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.83","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.83 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"sulfate","name":"Sulfate","family":"inorganic","familyLabel":"Inorganic chemicals","casrn":"14808-79-8","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil.","whyItMatters":"No health-based federal limit; high levels can have a laxative effect and a bitter taste.","measured":{"value":21.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"21.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"21.6"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":33.2,"low":15.3,"high":33.2,"kind":"range","display":"15.3–33.2","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"15.3-33.2"},{"value":21.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"21.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"21.6"}]},{"analyteId":"calcium","name":"Calcium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-70-2","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.","measured":{"value":12.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"12.6"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":14,"low":12,"high":14,"kind":"range","display":"12–14","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"12.0-14.0"},{"value":12.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"12.6","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"12.6"}]},{"analyteId":"copper","name":"Copper","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-50-8","whatItIs":"A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing.","whyItMatters":"Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.","measured":{"value":0.17,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.17","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.17 ppm (90th%)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.17,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.17","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.17 ppm (90th%)"}]},{"analyteId":"iron","name":"Iron","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-89-6","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring metal common in groundwater.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; causes rusty color, staining, and metallic taste.","measured":{"value":92,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"92","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"92.0"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":92,"low":0,"high":92,"kind":"range","display":"0–92","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-92.0"},{"value":92,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"92","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"92.0"}]},{"analyteId":"lead","name":"Lead","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-92-1","whatItIs":"A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures.","whyItMatters":"There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.","measured":{"value":6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"6 ppb (90th%)"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"6 ppb (90th%)"}]},{"analyteId":"magnesium","name":"Magnesium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-95-4","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.","measured":{"value":1.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.9","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"1.9"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.1,"low":1.5,"high":2.1,"kind":"range","display":"1.5–2.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.5-2.1"},{"value":1.9,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"1.9","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"1.9"}]},{"analyteId":"manganese","name":"Manganese","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7439-96-5","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring metal from soil and rock.","whyItMatters":"No enforceable federal limit; high levels stain fixtures and laundry and can affect taste, with a health advisory for infants.","measured":{"value":14.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"14.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"14.6"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":35,"low":5,"high":35,"kind":"range","display":"5–35","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.0-35.0"},{"value":14.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"14.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"14.6"}]},{"analyteId":"selenium","name":"Selenium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7782-49-2","whatItIs":"A trace element from natural deposits and industrial discharge.","whyItMatters":"Essential in tiny amounts, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause hair and fingernail loss and circulatory problems.","measured":{"value":3.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"3.60 ppb"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":3.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"3.60 ppb"},{"value":3.6,"low":0,"high":3.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–3.6","units":"ug/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-3.60 ppb"}]},{"analyteId":"sodium","name":"Sodium","family":"metal","familyLabel":"Metals","casrn":"7440-23-5","whatItIs":"A naturally occurring salt component.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; relevant for people on sodium-restricted diets.","measured":{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.1"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9.7,"low":5.4,"high":9.7,"kind":"range","display":"5.4–9.7","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.4-9.7"},{"value":8.1,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.1","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"8.1"}]},{"analyteId":"total_coliform","name":"Total Coliform","family":"microbial","familyLabel":"Microbial","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A group of bacteria used as an indicator of overall water-system sanitation.","whyItMatters":"Coliforms themselves are usually harmless, but their presence signals that disease-causing organisms could enter the system.","measured":{"value":2.6,"low":0,"high":2.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.6","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0-2.6%"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":2.6,"low":0,"high":2.6,"kind":"range","display":"0–2.6","units":"%","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-2.6%"}]},{"analyteId":"nitrate_nitrite","name":"Nitrate Nitrite","family":"other","familyLabel":"Other","casrn":null,"whatItIs":null,"whyItMatters":null,"measured":{"value":0.43,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.43","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.43 ppm"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":10,"units":"mg/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.43,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.43","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.43 ppm"},{"value":0.43,"low":0,"high":0.43,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.43","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.43 ppm"}]},{"analyteId":"hfpo_da","name":"Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"13252-13-6","whatItIs":"HFPO-DA ('GenX chemicals'), a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound.","whyItMatters":"Regulated by the EPA at 10 parts per trillion and included in the PFAS Hazard Index.","measured":{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0087"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"approaching","label":"Approaching the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9.2,"low":8.200000000000001,"high":9.2,"kind":"range","display":"8.200000000000001–9.2","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0082-0.0092"},{"value":8.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0087"}]},{"analyteId":"pfbs","name":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"375-73-5","whatItIs":"Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Has no standalone limit but is part of the EPA PFAS Hazard Index that limits PFAS in combination.","measured":{"value":4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0040"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":4.6,"low":3.5,"high":4.6,"kind":"range","display":"3.5–4.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0035-0.0046"},{"value":4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0040"}]},{"analyteId":"pfhxa","name":"Perfluorohexanoic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"307-24-4","whatItIs":"Perfluorohexanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Monitored under EPA rules; persistent and widely detected.","measured":{"value":4.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0045"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.4,"low":3.5,"high":5.4,"kind":"range","display":"3.5–5.4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0035-0.0054"},{"value":4.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0045"},{"value":3.9,"low":3.7,"high":3.9,"kind":"range","display":"3.7–3.9","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0037-0.0039"},{"value":3.8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"3.8","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0038"}]},{"analyteId":"pfpea","name":"Perfluoropentanoic acid","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"2706-90-3","whatItIs":"Perfluoropentanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'","whyItMatters":"Monitored under EPA rules; persistent in the environment.","measured":{"value":4.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0046"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.7,"low":3.5,"high":5.7,"kind":"range","display":"3.5–5.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0035-0.0057"},{"value":4.6,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.6","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0046"},{"value":4.1000000000000005,"low":3.8,"high":4.1000000000000005,"kind":"range","display":"3.8–4.1000000000000005","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0038-0.0041"},{"value":4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0040"}]},{"analyteId":"pfoa","name":"PFOA","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"335-67-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in nonstick and stain-resistant products.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, liver damage, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":5.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0055"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":6.1000000000000005,"low":4.8,"high":6.1000000000000005,"kind":"range","display":"4.8–6.1000000000000005","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0048-0.0061"},{"value":5.5,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0055"},{"value":4.5,"low":4.2,"high":4.5,"kind":"range","display":"4.2–4.5","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0042-0.0045"},{"value":4.4,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"4.4","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0044"}]},{"analyteId":"pfos","name":"PFOS","family":"pfas","familyLabel":"PFAS (\"forever chemicals\")","casrn":"1763-23-1","whatItIs":"Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in firefighting foam and coatings.","whyItMatters":"Linked to cancer, thyroid disease, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.","measured":{"value":6.8999999999999995,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.8999999999999995","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.0069"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"over","label":"At or above the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":7.1000000000000005,"low":6.2,"high":7.1000000000000005,"kind":"range","display":"6.2–7.1000000000000005","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0062-0.0071"},{"value":6.7,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.7","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0067"},{"value":7.2,"low":6.6,"high":7.2,"kind":"range","display":"6.6–7.2","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0066-0.0072"},{"value":6.8999999999999995,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"6.8999999999999995","units":"ng/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.0069"}]},{"analyteId":"alkalinity","name":"Alkalinity","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; relevant to corrosion control and treatment.","measured":{"value":26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"26","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"26"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":34,"low":16,"high":34,"kind":"range","display":"16–34","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"16-34"},{"value":26,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"26","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"26"}]},{"analyteId":"color","name":"Color","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of visible tint in the water.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard.","measured":{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"none","label":"None detected"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0"},{"value":0,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0"}]},{"analyteId":"hardness","name":"Hardness","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of dissolved calcium and magnesium minerals.","whyItMatters":"Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling, soap use, and taste.","measured":{"value":36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"36","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"36"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":53,"low":24,"high":53,"kind":"range","display":"24–53","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"24-53"},{"value":36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"36","units":"mg/L","statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"36"}]},{"analyteId":"ph","name":"pH","family":"physical_aggregate","familyLabel":"Physical & aggregate","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"A measure of how acidic or basic the water is.","whyItMatters":"Regulated only as a secondary standard; very low or high pH can corrode pipes or affect taste.","measured":{"value":8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"8.0"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":9,"low":7.3,"high":9,"kind":"range","display":"7.3–9","units":null,"statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"7.3-9.0"},{"value":8,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"8","units":null,"statisticType":"average","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"8.0"}]},{"analyteId":"combined_radium","name":"Combined Radium","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.","measured":{"value":0.735,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.735","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.735 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":5,"units":"pCi/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.735,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.735","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.735 pCi/L"},{"value":0.735,"low":0,"high":0.735,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.735","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.735 pCi/L"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_alpha","name":"Gross Alpha","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":0.872,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.872","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"0.872 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":{"type":"MCL","value":15,"units":"pCi/L","enforceable":true},"status":{"key":"under","label":"Within the limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":0.872,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"0.872","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0.872 pCi/L"},{"value":0.872,"low":0,"high":0.872,"kind":"range","display":"0–0.872","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"0-0.872 pCi/L"}]},{"analyteId":"gross_beta","name":"Gross Beta Particle Activity","family":"radionuclide","familyLabel":"Radionuclides","casrn":null,"whatItIs":"Gross beta particle activity — a combined measure of beta-emitting radioactive substances.","whyItMatters":"Long-term exposure above the federal screening level increases cancer risk.","measured":{"value":5.36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.36","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","censored":false,"detectionLimit":null,"rawVerbatim":"5.36 pCi/L"},"federalStandard":null,"status":{"key":"detected","label":"Detected — no federal limit"},"breakdowns":[],"measurements":[{"value":5.36,"low":null,"high":null,"kind":"point","display":"5.36","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"reported_level","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"5.36 pCi/L"},{"value":5.36,"low":4.73,"high":5.36,"kind":"range","display":"4.73–5.36","units":"pCi/L","statisticType":"range","samplingContext":"system","rawVerbatim":"4.73-5.36 pCi/L"}]}]}}