# Paradise Irrigation District — Paradise, Ca, CA — Drinking Water Quality (2023)

> Contaminant levels for the Paradise Irrigation District — Paradise, Ca, CA public water system from its 2023 Consumer Confidence Report, compared to federal limits.

- Page: https://www.thewatermap.com/water/ca/paradise-irrigation-district-paradise-ca/2023
- JSON API: https://www.thewatermap.com/api/water/ca/paradise-irrigation-district-paradise-ca/2023
- Source: the utility's annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
- Verification: transcribed by a model, cross-checked by a second model, approved before publishing
- Reporting year: 2023
- Contaminants measured: 25
- Contaminants with a federal limit: 5
- Contaminants at or above the federal limit: 0
- Part of The Water Map — https://www.thewatermap.com

## Contaminants measured

| Contaminant | Category | Measured level | Sampling context | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HAA5 | Disinfection byproducts | 37.9 ug/L (Average) | Surface Water Supply | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| TTHM | Disinfection byproducts | 34.5 ug/L (Average) | Surface Water Supply | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| Nitrate | Inorganic chemicals | 0.4 mg/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | 10 mg/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Calcium | Metals | 16 mg/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Chromium, Hexavalent | Metals | 2.5 ug/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Copper | Metals | 0.073 mg/L (90th percentile) | At the tap | 1.3 mg/L (Action level) | Within the limit |
| Lead | Metals | Not detected ug/L (90th percentile) | At the tap | No federal limit | None detected |
| Magnesium | Metals | 9 mg/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Potassium | Metals | 2 mg/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Sodium | Metals | 6 mg/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Vanadium | Metals | 15 ug/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Escherichia coli (E. coli) | Microbial | 0 (Highest single sample) | Number Detected | No federal limit | None detected |
| Total Coliform | Microbial | 0 (Highest single sample) | Number Detected | No federal limit | None detected |
| Chlorine Free | Other | 0.7 mg/L (Average) | Surface Water Supply | 4 mg/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Chromium | Other | Not detected ug/L (Average) | Surface Water Supply | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| PFOA | PFAS ("forever chemicals") | Not detected (Reported level) | PID Results in 2023 | No federal limit | None detected |
| PFOS | PFAS ("forever chemicals") | Not detected (Reported level) | PID Results in 2023 | No federal limit | None detected |
| Alkalinity | Physical & aggregate | 90 mg/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Bicarbonate | Physical & aggregate | 110 mg/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| pH | Physical & aggregate | 7.4 (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| TOC | Physical & aggregate | 1.15 (Average) | Surface Water Supply | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Turbidity | Physical & aggregate | 0.99 NTU (Average) | Surface Water Supply | No federal limit | Approaching the limit |
| Combined Radium | Radionuclides | 2.93 pCi/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | 5 pCi/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Gross Alpha | Radionuclides | 0.881 pCi/L (Average) | Groundwater Supply | 15 pCi/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Volatile Organic Compounds | VOCs & pesticides | Not detected (Average) | Groundwater Supply | No federal limit | None detected |

## What these contaminants are

- **HAA5** — Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter. Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.
- **TTHM** — Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter. Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.
- **Nitrate** — A compound from fertilizer runoff, septic systems, and erosion of natural deposits. Levels above the federal limit can cause 'blue baby syndrome,' a serious oxygen-transport condition in infants.
- **Calcium** — A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.
- **Chromium, Hexavalent** — Hexavalent chromium ('chromium-6') — the more toxic form of chromium. A known carcinogen by inhalation; regulated nationally only within the total-chromium limit, with stricter limits in some states.
- **Copper** — A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing. Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.
- **Lead** — A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures. There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.
- **Magnesium** — A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.
- **Potassium** — A naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil. Not federally regulated for health.
- **Sodium** — A naturally occurring salt component. Not federally regulated for health; relevant for people on sodium-restricted diets.
- **Escherichia coli (E. coli)** — Escherichia coli — bacteria found in the gut of humans and animals. Its presence in drinking water indicates fecal contamination and a real risk of waterborne illness.
- **Total Coliform** — A group of bacteria used as an indicator of overall water-system sanitation. Coliforms themselves are usually harmless, but their presence signals that disease-causing organisms could enter the system.
- **PFOA** — Perfluorooctanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in nonstick and stain-resistant products. Linked to cancer, liver damage, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.
- **PFOS** — Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in firefighting foam and coatings. Linked to cancer, thyroid disease, and immune effects; the EPA set an enforceable limit of 4 parts per trillion.
- **Alkalinity** — A measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids. Not federally regulated for health; relevant to corrosion control and treatment.
- **pH** — A measure of how acidic or basic the water is. Regulated only as a secondary standard; very low or high pH can corrode pipes or affect taste.
- **TOC** — Total organic carbon — a measure of organic material dissolved in the water. Not harmful itself, but it is the raw material that forms disinfection byproducts; removal is a treatment requirement.
- **Turbidity** — A measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water. High turbidity can shelter microbes from disinfection; the EPA enforces it through a treatment-technique standard.
- **Combined Radium** — Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements. Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.
- **Gross Alpha** — Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances. Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.

## How to read this

- A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.
- 'Federal limit' is the EPA standard (MCL, action level, treatment technique, etc.) that the measured level is compared against.
- 'At or above the federal limit' means the utility's own reported figure met or exceeded that standard.

_Figures are the utility's own published numbers. Generated 2026-06-04 from thewatermap.com._