# So. Cal. Edison Co.-santa Catalina — Avalon, Ca, CA — Drinking Water Quality (2023)

> Contaminant levels for the So. Cal. Edison Co.-santa Catalina — Avalon, Ca, CA public water system from its 2023 Consumer Confidence Report, compared to federal limits.

- Page: https://www.thewatermap.com/water/ca/so-cal-edison-co-santa-catalina-avalon-ca/2023
- JSON API: https://www.thewatermap.com/api/water/ca/so-cal-edison-co-santa-catalina-avalon-ca/2023
- Source: the utility's annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)
- Verification: transcribed by a model, cross-checked by a second model, approved before publishing
- Reporting year: 2023
- Contaminants measured: 39
- Contaminants with a federal limit: 16
- Contaminants at or above the federal limit: 0
- Part of The Water Map — https://www.thewatermap.com

## Contaminants measured

| Contaminant | Category | Measured level | Sampling context | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bromodichloromethane | Disinfection byproducts | 2.6 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 0.06 ug/L (Public health goal) | Detected — no federal limit |
| Bromoform | Disinfection byproducts | 39 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 0.5 ug/L (Public health goal) | Detected — no federal limit |
| Chloroform | Disinfection byproducts | 1.1 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 0.4 ug/L (Public health goal) | Detected — no federal limit |
| Dibromochloromethane | Disinfection byproducts | 14 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 0.1 ug/L (Public health goal) | Detected — no federal limit |
| HAA5 | Disinfection byproducts | 33 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| TTHM | Disinfection byproducts | 68 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Approaching the limit |
| Chloride | Inorganic chemicals | 340 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Dibromoacetic acid | Inorganic chemicals | 28 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 0.03 ug/L (Public health goal) | Within the limit |
| Dichloroacetic acid | Inorganic chemicals | 2.6 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 0.2 ug/L (Public health goal) | Within the limit |
| Fluoride | Inorganic chemicals | 0.27 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 4 mg/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Monobromoacetic acid | Inorganic chemicals | 3 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 25 ug/L (Public health goal) | Within the limit |
| Sulfate | Inorganic chemicals | 51 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Arsenic | Metals | 2.3 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| Barium | Metals | 0.12 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 2 mg/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Calcium | Metals | 67 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Chromium, Hexavalent | Metals | 1.8 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Copper | Metals | 0.83 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| Iron | Metals | 530 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Lead | Metals | 1.5 ug/L (90th percentile) | At the tap | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| Lithium | Metals | 17.52 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 9 ug/L (Public health goal) | Detected — no federal limit |
| Magnesium | Metals | 46 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Manganese | Metals | 28 ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Sodium | Metals | 87 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Zinc | Metals | 0.011 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Chlorine Total | Other | 0.99 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Within the limit |
| Nitrate Nitrite | Other | 0.58 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 10 mg/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Perfluoroheptanoic acid | PFAS ("forever chemicals") | Not detected ug/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 0.003 ug/L (Public health goal) | Detected — no federal limit |
| Alkalinity | Physical & aggregate | 320 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Bicarbonate | Physical & aggregate | 390 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Hardness | Physical & aggregate | 370 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Odor | Physical & aggregate | 2 (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| pH | Physical & aggregate | 7.2 (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Specific Conductance | Physical & aggregate | 1600 (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| TOC | Physical & aggregate | 0.96 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Total Dissolved Solids | Physical & aggregate | 930 mg/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | No federal limit | Detected — no federal limit |
| Turbidity | Physical & aggregate | 0.96 NTU (Average) | of Levels Detected | 1 NTU (MCL) | Approaching the limit |
| Combined Radium | Radionuclides | 0.51 pCi/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 5 pCi/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Gross Alpha | Radionuclides | 3.5 pCi/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 15 pCi/L (MCL) | Within the limit |
| Uranium | Radionuclides | 0.5 pCi/L (Average) | of Levels Detected | 20 pCi/L (MCL) | Detected — no federal limit |

## What these contaminants are

- **Bromodichloromethane** — A trihalomethane disinfection byproduct. Counted within regulated total trihalomethanes; long-term exposure is associated with cancer and reproductive effects.
- **Bromoform** — A trihalomethane disinfection byproduct. Counted within regulated total trihalomethanes; long-term exposure is associated with liver and kidney effects.
- **Chloroform** — A trihalomethane formed when chlorine reacts with organic matter in water. A component of regulated total trihalomethanes; long-term exposure is linked to liver and kidney effects.
- **Dibromochloromethane** — A trihalomethane disinfection byproduct. Part of regulated total trihalomethanes; long-term exposure is linked to nervous-system, liver, and kidney effects.
- **HAA5** — Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter. Long-term exposure above the federal limit is associated with an increased cancer risk.
- **TTHM** — Total trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter. Long-term exposure above the federal limit is linked to liver, kidney, and central-nervous-system effects and increased cancer risk.
- **Chloride** — A naturally occurring salt compound. Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; high levels cause a salty taste and can corrode pipes.
- **Dibromoacetic acid** — A brominated haloacetic acid disinfection byproduct. Part of the broader HAA9 group; monitored without its own enforceable limit.
- **Dichloroacetic acid** — A haloacetic acid disinfection byproduct. One of the five haloacetic acids regulated together as HAA5 for cancer risk.
- **Fluoride** — A mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay. Beneficial at low levels, but long-term exposure above the federal limit can cause bone disease and tooth mottling.
- **Monobromoacetic acid** — A brominated haloacetic acid disinfection byproduct. Part of the broader HAA9 group; monitored without its own enforceable limit.
- **Sulfate** — A naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil. No health-based federal limit; high levels can have a laxative effect and a bitter taste.
- **Arsenic** — A naturally occurring element that also enters water from industry and agriculture. A known human carcinogen; long-term exposure is linked to skin, bladder, and lung cancer.
- **Barium** — A metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial discharge. Long-term exposure above the federal limit can raise blood pressure.
- **Calcium** — A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.
- **Chromium, Hexavalent** — Hexavalent chromium ('chromium-6') — the more toxic form of chromium. A known carcinogen by inhalation; regulated nationally only within the total-chromium limit, with stricter limits in some states.
- **Copper** — A metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing. Short-term exposure causes stomach distress; long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys.
- **Iron** — A naturally occurring metal common in groundwater. Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; causes rusty color, staining, and metallic taste.
- **Lead** — A toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures. There is no safe level of lead; it harms brain development in children and raises blood pressure in adults. The EPA sets an action level, not a health goal above zero.
- **Lithium** — A naturally occurring element found in some groundwater. No enforceable federal limit; on the EPA contaminant candidate list for further study.
- **Magnesium** — A naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling and taste.
- **Manganese** — A naturally occurring metal from soil and rock. No enforceable federal limit; high levels stain fixtures and laundry and can affect taste, with a health advisory for infants.
- **Sodium** — A naturally occurring salt component. Not federally regulated for health; relevant for people on sodium-restricted diets.
- **Zinc** — A naturally occurring metal that can also enter water from corroding pipes. Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; high levels cause a metallic taste.
- **Perfluoroheptanoic acid** — Perfluoroheptanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' Monitored under EPA rules; persistent in the environment.
- **Alkalinity** — A measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids. Not federally regulated for health; relevant to corrosion control and treatment.
- **Hardness** — A measure of dissolved calcium and magnesium minerals. Not federally regulated for health; affects scaling, soap use, and taste.
- **Odor** — A measure of detectable smell in the water. Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard.
- **pH** — A measure of how acidic or basic the water is. Regulated only as a secondary standard; very low or high pH can corrode pipes or affect taste.
- **Specific Conductance** — A measure of how well water conducts electricity, which tracks dissolved mineral content. Not federally regulated for health; used as a proxy for total dissolved solids.
- **TOC** — Total organic carbon — a measure of organic material dissolved in the water. Not harmful itself, but it is the raw material that forms disinfection byproducts; removal is a treatment requirement.
- **Total Dissolved Solids** — Total dissolved solids — the combined content of all dissolved minerals and salts. Regulated only as a secondary (cosmetic) standard; high levels affect taste and hardness.
- **Turbidity** — A measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water. High turbidity can shelter microbes from disinfection; the EPA enforces it through a treatment-technique standard.
- **Combined Radium** — Combined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements. Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases the risk of bone cancer.
- **Gross Alpha** — Gross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances. Long-term exposure above the federal limit increases cancer risk.
- **Uranium** — A naturally occurring radioactive metal from erosion of natural deposits. Long-term exposure above the federal limit can damage the kidneys and increase cancer risk.

## How to read this

- A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.
- 'Federal limit' is the EPA standard (MCL, action level, treatment technique, etc.) that the measured level is compared against.
- 'At or above the federal limit' means the utility's own reported figure met or exceeded that standard.

_Figures are the utility's own published numbers. Generated 2026-06-04 from thewatermap.com._