Drinking water quality · 2025

· Verified

What's in San Diego, City of, CA tap water

131 contaminants were measured in the San Diego, City of, CA water system's 2025 annual report. Each is shown below against its federal limit 2 sit at or above that limit.

Reporting year
2025
Contaminants measured
131
Over federal limit
2
Approaching the limit
1
Worst contaminant
Gross Alpha
4.5× the limit
Service area
CA
state-level CCR
Source
Utility CCR

PFAS — EPA UCMR5 (2023–2025)

1 PFAS compound detected in San Diego, City of, CA

About this data

The EPA finalized the first-ever federal drinking-water limits for six PFAS compounds in April 2024. These numbers come straight from EPA's UCMR5 lab dataset — every U.S. system serving more than 3,300 people tested every PFAS sample at an entry point to its distribution system. PFAS not listed below were either tested and not detected, or not yet sampled.

Lithium

● Detected (no federal limit)
Measured 65 mg/LSample year 2023Samples 15 detect / 16

near national p90 (76.59999999999991 mg/L across detecting U.S. systems)

PWSID CA3710020 · Source: EPA UCMR5. Limits per EPA's April 2024 PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation. PFAS values reported in nanograms per liter (ng/L) — note that 1 ng/L = 1 part per trillion.

Where your water comes from · EPA SDWIS

San Diego, City of, CA's drinking water comes from surface water, drawn from 8 sources.

Source

8surface water
  • EL CAJON WELL 04
  • SAN VICENTE PRODUCTION
  • EL CAPITAN RESERVOIR - RAW
  • MIRAMAR RESERVOIR - RAW
  • + 4 more

Treatment

3treatment plants
  • MIRAMAR PLANT EFFLUENT - TREATED
  • OTAY PLANT EFFLUENT - TREATED
  • ALVARADO PLANT EFFLUENT - TREATED

Distribution

20storage units

Also buys water from SAN DIEGO COUNTY WATER AUTHORITY.

Historical readings · EPA Six-Year Review (2012–2019)

5 contaminants historically over EPA limits in San Diego, City of, CA

About this data

Every U.S. public water system reports compliance-monitoring data to EPA. The Six-Year Review releases the 2012–2019 window as a single dataset — here's what your system reported, year by year. Values shown are the highest detection per analyte per year, compared to the federal MCL.

ContaminantWorst detectionEPA limitYears (2012–2019)
GROSS BETA
worst: 2017
30.7 mrem/yr
7.7×
4 mrem/yr
'12'14'16'17'18'19
TTHM
worst: 2017
0.126 mg/L
1.6×
0.08 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
BROMATE
worst: 2017
0.0102 mg/L
1.0×
0.01 mg/L
'12'13'16'17'18'19
TCE
worst: 2014
0.00505 mg/L
1.0×
0.005 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
CHLORITE
worst: 2017
1 mg/L
1.0×
1 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
MERCURY
worst: 2014
0.0019 mg/L
95%
0.002 mg/L
'14
PCE
worst: 2012
0.00447 mg/L
89%
0.005 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
ARSENIC
worst: 2013
0.00734 mg/L
within
near national p90
0.01 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
HAA5
worst: 2017
0.0377 mg/L
within
0.06 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
NITRATE
worst: 2012
3.44 mg/L
within
10 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
FLUORIDE
worst: 2014
1.02 mg/L
within
4 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
SELENIUM
worst: 2013
0.00682 mg/L
within
0.05 mg/L
'13'14
BARIUM
worst: 2016
0.146 mg/L
within
near national p90
2 mg/L
'14'15'16'17'18'19
CIS DICHLOROETHYLENE 12
worst: 2014
0.00101 mg/L
within
below national p90
0.07 mg/L
'13'14'15'16'17'18
URANIUM
worst: 2018
0.073 ug/L
within
3.4× the national p90
30 ug/L
'12'13'15'16'17'18'19
DBAA
worst: 2012
0.0105 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
DCAA
worst: 2012
0.0102 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
MBAA
worst: 2015
0.00492 mg/L
'15'17'18'19
MCAA
worst: 2014
0.00252 mg/L
'14'17'18
TCAA
worst: 2012
0.0042 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE
worst: 2012
0.0258 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
BROMOFORM
worst: 2012
0.024 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
CHLOROFORM
worst: 2012
0.0168 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE
worst: 2012
0.0297 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
PWSID CA3710020 · Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 (2012–2019). Values are the highest detection in each calendar year; non-detect years are omitted. Year tags above show every year with a detection.

Radionuclides

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
Gross AlphaGross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.67.66666666666667 PCI/LAverageSource waterAt or above the limit
Combined RadiumCombined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.1.2466666666666668 PCI/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit

Physical & aggregate

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
OdorA measure of detectable smell in the water.2.56 TONAverageSource waterApproaching the limit
Specific ConductanceA measure of how well water conducts electricity, which tracks dissolved mineral content.913.4848484848485 UMHO/CMAverageEntry pointWithin the limit
Total Dissolved SolidsTotal dissolved solids — the combined content of all dissolved minerals and salts.549.9027777777778 MG/LAverageEntry pointWithin the limit
ColorA measure of visible tint in the water.7.6875 UNITSAverageSource waterWithin the limit
TurbidityA measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water.1.0787499999999999 NTUAverageSource waterWithin the limit
AlkalinityA measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids.95.33536507936508 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
HardnessA measure of dissolved calcium and magnesium minerals.237.35 MG/LAverageEntry pointDetected — no federal limit
pHA measure of how acidic or basic the water is.8.221805555555555 PHAverageEntry pointDetected — no federal limit

Metals

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
ManganeseA naturally occurring metal from soil and rock.29.12088888888889 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
IronA naturally occurring metal common in groundwater.41.85277777777778 UG/LAverageOtherWithin the limit
AluminumA common element sometimes used as a treatment coagulant.29.424999999999997 UG/LAverageOtherWithin the limit
Chromium, HexavalentHexavalent chromium ('chromium-6') — the more toxic form of chromium.0.05833333333333333 UG/LAverageEntry pointWithin the limit
AntimonyNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
BerylliumNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
CadmiumNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
CopperA metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
LeadA toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
NickelA metal from natural deposits and industrial discharge.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
ThalliumNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
ZincA naturally occurring metal that can also enter water from corroding pipes.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
BoronA naturally occurring element from rock and soil.139.41666666666666 UG/LAverageOtherDetected — no federal limit
CalciumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.28.655714285714286 MG/LAverageEntry pointDetected — no federal limit
MagnesiumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.23.830434782608698 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
PotassiumA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil.4.725277777777778 MG/LAverageEntry pointDetected — no federal limit
SilicaA naturally occurring compound from sand and rock.10.874062499999999 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
SodiumA naturally occurring salt component.95.09444444444445 MG/LAverageEntry pointDetected — no federal limit
Vanadium1.6774999999999998 UG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit

Inorganic chemicals

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
SulfateA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil.145.28571428571428 MG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
ChlorideA naturally occurring salt compound.112.65285714285714 MG/LAverageEntry pointWithin the limit
AsbestosNot detected MFLHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
CyanideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
NitriteA compound from fertilizer runoff, sewage, and erosion of natural deposits.Not detected MG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Ammonia0.018099999999999998 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
BromideA naturally occurring salt found in source water.0.1844625 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit

Disinfection byproducts

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
PerchlorateA chemical used in rocket fuel and fireworks that can also form during disinfection.0.515 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
ChlorateA byproduct that can form during disinfection, especially when hypochlorite solutions degrade.199.91228070175438 UG/LAverageEntry pointDetected — no federal limit

Other

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
Nitrate Nitrite0.4058333333333333 MG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
CarbofuranNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
Carbon TetrachlorideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
ChlordaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ChlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ChromiumNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
DehaNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
DehpNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Dichloroethane 12Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Dichloroethylene 11Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Dichloropropane 12Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
DinosebNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DiquatNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EdbNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EndothallNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EndrinNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
GlyphosateNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
HeptachlorNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Heptachlor EpoxideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
HexachlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
HexachlorocyclopentadieneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
MethoxychlorNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
O DichlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
OxamylNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
P DichlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Pcb TotalNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
PentachlorophenolNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
PicloramNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
StyreneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ToxapheneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
Trans Dichloroethylene 12Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Trichlorobenzene 124Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Trichloroethane 111Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Trichloroethane 112Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
TwofourdNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Vinyl ChlorideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected

PFAS ("forever chemicals")

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)ADONA, a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)4:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
8:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acidHFPO-DA ('GenX chemicals'), a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA)Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)Perfluorodecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)Perfluorododecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)Perfluoroundecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.2.85 NG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
Perfluoroheptanoic acidPerfluoroheptanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'14.633333333333333 NG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
Perfluorohexanoic acidPerfluorohexanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'24.53333333333333 NG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
Perfluorononanoic acidPerfluorononanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'9.413333333333334 NG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'8.306666666666667 NG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
Perfluoropentanoic acidPerfluoropentanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'27.96666666666667 NG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
PFBAPerfluorobutanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'16.73333333333333 NG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit

VOCs & pesticides

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
1,2,3-TCPNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
AtrazineA widely used agricultural herbicide that reaches water through runoff.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
BenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
Benzo(a)pyreneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
ChloroethaneA volatile organic compound used in some industrial processes.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ChloromethaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DalaponNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistributionNone detected
DichlorodifluoromethaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
DichloromethaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EthylbenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
SimazineNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
TolueneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry pointNone detected
XylenesA group of industrial solvents found in gasoline and paint.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Source: San Diego, City of, CA's 2025 Consumer Confidence Report — the annual drinking-water report every U.S. utility is required to publish. The numbers on this page are the utility's own. A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.

People also ask about San Diego, City of, CA's water

+Is San Diego, City of, CA tap water safe to drink in 2025?

The 2025 Consumer Confidence Report for the San Diego, City of, CA water utility lists 2 contaminants at or above the federal limit: Gross Alpha and Uranium. Whether that means the water is "unsafe" depends on which contaminant, how long the exposure, and individual health factors. The table on this page shows the measured value, the federal threshold, and the regulated statistic used for compliance.

+What contaminants are in San Diego, City of, CA tap water?

131 contaminants were measured in San Diego, City of, CA's 2025 Consumer Confidence Report, spanning other, metals, and pfas ("forever chemicals"). 85 have an enforceable federal limit; the rest are detected but unregulated. Every measured value, in the utility's own units, is on this page.

+Which contaminants exceed federal limits in San Diego, City of, CA tap water?

2 contaminants in San Diego, City of, CA's 2025 report sit at or above the federal limit: Gross Alpha (4.5× the limit); Uranium (3.3× the limit). The EPA enforces these limits against the regulated reporting statistic — typically a running annual average or 90th percentile — not a one-off sample spike.

+What is the worst contaminant in San Diego, City of, CA tap water?

The contaminant with the highest measured value relative to its federal limit in the 2025 report is Gross Alpha, at 4.5× the federal threshold. It belongs to the radionuclides family of contaminants.

+Are any contaminants in San Diego, City of, CA tap water approaching the federal limit?

One contaminant is between 80% and 100% of the federal limit in this report: Odor. Approaching means measured but not in violation — a margin that can close quickly if conditions change.

+Where does the data on this page come from?

Every value is transcribed from San Diego, City of, CA's 2025 Consumer Confidence Report — the annual drinking-water report every U.S. public water utility is required by federal law to publish. The original source document is archived and viewable on this site. A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.

+How often is San Diego, City of, CA's water quality data updated?

Each U.S. public water utility publishes one Consumer Confidence Report per year, covering the prior calendar year's measurements. This page reflects the 2025 report; a new report will replace it once the utility publishes its next annual update.

More water systems in CA