Drinking water quality · 2025
· Verified
What's in San Diego, City of, CA tap water
131 contaminants were measured in the San Diego, City of, CA water system's 2025 annual report. Each is shown below against its federal limit — 2 sit at or above that limit.
- Reporting year
- 2025
- Contaminants measured
- 131
- Over federal limit
- 2
- Approaching the limit
- 1
- Worst contaminant
- Gross Alpha
- Service area
- CA
PFAS — EPA UCMR5 (2023–2025)
1 PFAS compound detected in San Diego, City of, CA
The EPA finalized the first-ever federal drinking-water limits for six PFAS compounds in April 2024. These numbers come straight from EPA's UCMR5 lab dataset — every U.S. system serving more than 3,300 people tested every PFAS sample at an entry point to its distribution system. PFAS not listed below were either tested and not detected, or not yet sampled.
Lithium
● Detected (no federal limit)near national p90 (76.59999999999991 mg/L across detecting U.S. systems)
Where your water comes from · EPA SDWIS
San Diego, City of, CA's drinking water comes from surface water, drawn from 8 sources.
Source
- EL CAJON WELL 04
- SAN VICENTE PRODUCTION
- EL CAPITAN RESERVOIR - RAW
- MIRAMAR RESERVOIR - RAW
- + 4 more
Treatment
- MIRAMAR PLANT EFFLUENT - TREATED
- OTAY PLANT EFFLUENT - TREATED
- ALVARADO PLANT EFFLUENT - TREATED
Distribution
Also buys water from SAN DIEGO COUNTY WATER AUTHORITY.
Historical readings · EPA Six-Year Review (2012–2019)
5 contaminants historically over EPA limits in San Diego, City of, CA
Every U.S. public water system reports compliance-monitoring data to EPA. The Six-Year Review releases the 2012–2019 window as a single dataset — here's what your system reported, year by year. Values shown are the highest detection per analyte per year, compared to the federal MCL.
| Contaminant | Worst detection | EPA limit | Years (2012–2019) |
|---|---|---|---|
GROSS BETA worst: 2017 | 30.7 mrem/yr 7.7× | 4 mrem/yr | '12'14'16'17'18'19 |
TTHM worst: 2017 | 0.126 mg/L 1.6× | 0.08 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
BROMATE worst: 2017 | 0.0102 mg/L 1.0× | 0.01 mg/L | '12'13'16'17'18'19 |
TCE worst: 2014 | 0.00505 mg/L 1.0× | 0.005 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
CHLORITE worst: 2017 | 1 mg/L 1.0× | 1 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
MERCURY worst: 2014 | 0.0019 mg/L 95% | 0.002 mg/L | '14 |
PCE worst: 2012 | 0.00447 mg/L 89% | 0.005 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
ARSENIC worst: 2013 | 0.00734 mg/L within near national p90 | 0.01 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
HAA5 worst: 2017 | 0.0377 mg/L within | 0.06 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
NITRATE worst: 2012 | 3.44 mg/L within | 10 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
FLUORIDE worst: 2014 | 1.02 mg/L within | 4 mg/L | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
SELENIUM worst: 2013 | 0.00682 mg/L within | 0.05 mg/L | '13'14 |
BARIUM worst: 2016 | 0.146 mg/L within near national p90 | 2 mg/L | '14'15'16'17'18'19 |
CIS DICHLOROETHYLENE 12 worst: 2014 | 0.00101 mg/L within below national p90 | 0.07 mg/L | '13'14'15'16'17'18 |
URANIUM worst: 2018 | 0.073 ug/L within 3.4× the national p90 | 30 ug/L | '12'13'15'16'17'18'19 |
DBAA worst: 2012 | 0.0105 mg/L | — | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
DCAA worst: 2012 | 0.0102 mg/L | — | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
MBAA worst: 2015 | 0.00492 mg/L | — | '15'17'18'19 |
MCAA worst: 2014 | 0.00252 mg/L | — | '14'17'18 |
TCAA worst: 2012 | 0.0042 mg/L | — | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE worst: 2012 | 0.0258 mg/L | — | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
BROMOFORM worst: 2012 | 0.024 mg/L | — | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
CHLOROFORM worst: 2012 | 0.0168 mg/L | — | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE worst: 2012 | 0.0297 mg/L | — | '12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19 |
Radionuclides
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gross AlphaGross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances. | 67.66666666666667 PCI/LAverageSource water | 15 PCI/LMCL | At or above the limit |
| Combined RadiumCombined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements. | 1.2466666666666668 PCI/LAverageSource water | 5 PCI/LMCL | Within the limit |
Physical & aggregate
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| OdorA measure of detectable smell in the water. | 2.56 TONAverageSource water | 3 TONMCL | Approaching the limit |
| Specific ConductanceA measure of how well water conducts electricity, which tracks dissolved mineral content. | 913.4848484848485 UMHO/CMAverageEntry point | 1600 UMHO/CMMCL | Within the limit |
| Total Dissolved SolidsTotal dissolved solids — the combined content of all dissolved minerals and salts. | 549.9027777777778 MG/LAverageEntry point | 1000 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| ColorA measure of visible tint in the water. | 7.6875 UNITSAverageSource water | 15 UNITSMCL | Within the limit |
| TurbidityA measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water. | 1.0787499999999999 NTUAverageSource water | 5 NTUMCL | Within the limit |
| AlkalinityA measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids. | 95.33536507936508 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| HardnessA measure of dissolved calcium and magnesium minerals. | 237.35 MG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| pHA measure of how acidic or basic the water is. | 8.221805555555555 PHAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Metals
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| ManganeseA naturally occurring metal from soil and rock. | 29.12088888888889 UG/LAverageSource water | 50 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| IronA naturally occurring metal common in groundwater. | 41.85277777777778 UG/LAverageOther | 300 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| AluminumA common element sometimes used as a treatment coagulant. | 29.424999999999997 UG/LAverageOther | 1000 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Chromium, HexavalentHexavalent chromium ('chromium-6') — the more toxic form of chromium. | 0.05833333333333333 UG/LAverageEntry point | 10 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Antimony | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 6 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Beryllium | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 4 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Cadmium | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| CopperA metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 1000 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| LeadA toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| NickelA metal from natural deposits and industrial discharge. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 100 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Thallium | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 2 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| ZincA naturally occurring metal that can also enter water from corroding pipes. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 5000 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| BoronA naturally occurring element from rock and soil. | 139.41666666666666 UG/LAverageOther | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| CalciumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. | 28.655714285714286 MG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| MagnesiumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. | 23.830434782608698 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| PotassiumA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil. | 4.725277777777778 MG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| SilicaA naturally occurring compound from sand and rock. | 10.874062499999999 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| SodiumA naturally occurring salt component. | 95.09444444444445 MG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Vanadium | 1.6774999999999998 UG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Inorganic chemicals
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| SulfateA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil. | 145.28571428571428 MG/LAverageSource water | 500 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| ChlorideA naturally occurring salt compound. | 112.65285714285714 MG/LAverageEntry point | 500 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Asbestos | Not detected MFLHighest single sampleEntry point | 7 MFLMCL | None detected |
| Cyanide | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 150 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| NitriteA compound from fertilizer runoff, sewage, and erosion of natural deposits. | Not detected MG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 1 MG/LMCL | None detected |
| Ammonia | 0.018099999999999998 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| BromideA naturally occurring salt found in source water. | 0.1844625 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Disinfection byproducts
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| PerchlorateA chemical used in rocket fuel and fireworks that can also form during disinfection. | 0.515 UG/LAverageSource water | 6 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| ChlorateA byproduct that can form during disinfection, especially when hypochlorite solutions degrade. | 199.91228070175438 UG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Other
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate Nitrite | 0.4058333333333333 MG/LAverageSource water | 10 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Carbofuran | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 18 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Carbon Tetrachloride | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 0.5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Chlordane | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 0.1 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Chlorobenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 70 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Chromium | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 50 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Deha | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 400 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dehp | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 4 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dichloroethane 12 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 0.5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dichloroethylene 11 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 6 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dichloropropane 12 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dinoseb | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 7 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Diquat | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 20 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Edb | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 0.05 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Endothall | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 100 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Endrin | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 2 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Glyphosate | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 700 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Heptachlor | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 0.01 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Heptachlor Epoxide | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 0.01 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Hexachlorobenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 1 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Hexachlorocyclopentadiene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 50 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Methoxychlor | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 30 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| O Dichlorobenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 600 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Oxamyl | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 50 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| P Dichlorobenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Pcb Total | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 0.5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Pentachlorophenol | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 1 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Picloram | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 500 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Styrene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 100 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Toxaphene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 3 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trans Dichloroethylene 12 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 10 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trichlorobenzene 124 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trichloroethane 111 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 200 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trichloroethane 112 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Twofourd | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 70 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Vinyl Chloride | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 0.5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
PFAS ("forever chemicals")
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| 4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)ADONA, a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOther | None set | None detected |
| 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)4:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| 8:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| 9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOther | None set | None detected |
| Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acidHFPO-DA ('GenX chemicals'), a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOther | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA)Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOther | None set | None detected |
| Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)Perfluorodecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)Perfluorododecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOther | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleOther | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)Perfluoroundecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| 6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | 2.85 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluoroheptanoic acidPerfluoroheptanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 14.633333333333333 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluorohexanoic acidPerfluorohexanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 24.53333333333333 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluorononanoic acidPerfluorononanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 9.413333333333334 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 8.306666666666667 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluoropentanoic acidPerfluoropentanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 27.96666666666667 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| PFBAPerfluorobutanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 16.73333333333333 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
VOCs & pesticides
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,2,3-TCP | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 0.005 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| AtrazineA widely used agricultural herbicide that reaches water through runoff. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 1 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Benzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 1 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 0.2 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| ChloroethaneA volatile organic compound used in some industrial processes. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Chloromethane | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Dalapon | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistribution | 200 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dichlorodifluoromethane | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | None set | None detected |
| Dichloromethane | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Ethylbenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 300 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Simazine | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 4 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Toluene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 150 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| XylenesA group of industrial solvents found in gasoline and paint. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOther | 1750 UG/LMCL | None detected |
People also ask about San Diego, City of, CA's water
+Is San Diego, City of, CA tap water safe to drink in 2025?
The 2025 Consumer Confidence Report for the San Diego, City of, CA water utility lists 2 contaminants at or above the federal limit: Gross Alpha and Uranium. Whether that means the water is "unsafe" depends on which contaminant, how long the exposure, and individual health factors. The table on this page shows the measured value, the federal threshold, and the regulated statistic used for compliance.
+What contaminants are in San Diego, City of, CA tap water?
131 contaminants were measured in San Diego, City of, CA's 2025 Consumer Confidence Report, spanning other, metals, and pfas ("forever chemicals"). 85 have an enforceable federal limit; the rest are detected but unregulated. Every measured value, in the utility's own units, is on this page.
+Which contaminants exceed federal limits in San Diego, City of, CA tap water?
2 contaminants in San Diego, City of, CA's 2025 report sit at or above the federal limit: Gross Alpha (4.5× the limit); Uranium (3.3× the limit). The EPA enforces these limits against the regulated reporting statistic — typically a running annual average or 90th percentile — not a one-off sample spike.
+What is the worst contaminant in San Diego, City of, CA tap water?
The contaminant with the highest measured value relative to its federal limit in the 2025 report is Gross Alpha, at 4.5× the federal threshold. It belongs to the radionuclides family of contaminants.
+Are any contaminants in San Diego, City of, CA tap water approaching the federal limit?
One contaminant is between 80% and 100% of the federal limit in this report: Odor. Approaching means measured but not in violation — a margin that can close quickly if conditions change.
+Where does the data on this page come from?
Every value is transcribed from San Diego, City of, CA's 2025 Consumer Confidence Report — the annual drinking-water report every U.S. public water utility is required by federal law to publish. The original source document is archived and viewable on this site. A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.
+How often is San Diego, City of, CA's water quality data updated?
Each U.S. public water utility publishes one Consumer Confidence Report per year, covering the prior calendar year's measurements. This page reflects the 2025 report; a new report will replace it once the utility publishes its next annual update.