Drinking water quality · 2026

· Verified

What's in City of Vacaville, CA tap water

132 contaminants were measured in the City of Vacaville, CA water system's 2026 annual report. Each is shown below against its federal limit 4 sit at or above that limit.

Reporting year
2026
Contaminants measured
132
Over federal limit
4
Approaching the limit
0
Worst contaminant
Color
6.5× the limit
Service area
CA
state-level CCR
Source
Utility CCR

PFAS — EPA UCMR5 (2023–2025)

2 PFAS compounds above EPA limits in City of Vacaville, CA

About this data

The EPA finalized the first-ever federal drinking-water limits for six PFAS compounds in April 2024. These numbers come straight from EPA's UCMR5 lab dataset — every U.S. system serving more than 3,300 people tested every PFAS sample at an entry point to its distribution system. PFAS not listed below were either tested and not detected, or not yet sampled.

PFOS (Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid)

● Over EPA limit (2.5×)
Measured 10 ng/LEPA limit 4 ng/LSample year 2024Samples 2 detect / 11

near national p90 (19.900000000000006 ng/L across detecting U.S. systems)

PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic acid)

● Over EPA limit (1.3×)
Measured 5.1 ng/LEPA limit 4 ng/LSample year 2024Samples 1 detect / 11

below national p90 (13.649999999999999 ng/L across detecting U.S. systems)

PFHxS (Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid)

● Approaching limit (92%)
Measured 9.2 ng/LEPA limit 10 ng/LSample year 2024Samples 3 detect / 11

near national p90 (12.049999999999997 ng/L across detecting U.S. systems)

Lithium

● Detected (no federal limit)
Measured 45 mg/LSample year 2023Samples 5 detect / 6

near national p90 (76.59999999999991 mg/L across detecting U.S. systems)

PFBS

● Detected (no federal limit)
Measured 3.7 ng/LSample year 2024Samples 2 detect / 11

below national p90 (13.909999999999979 ng/L across detecting U.S. systems)

PWSID CA4810008 · Source: EPA UCMR5. Limits per EPA's April 2024 PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation. PFAS values reported in nanograms per liter (ng/L) — note that 1 ng/L = 1 part per trillion.

Where your water comes from · EPA SDWIS

City of Vacaville, CA's drinking water comes from ground water, drawn from 15 sources.

Source

15ground water
  • WELL · 11
  • DE MELLO WELL - STANDBY
  • NBR WTP - NORTH BAY AQUEDUCT - RAW
  • NBR WTP - PUTAH SOUTH CANAL - RAW
  • + 1 more

Treatment

13treatment plants
  • WELL 16 - TREATED
  • WELL 03 - TREATED
  • WELL 05 - TREATED
  • + 10 more

Distribution

0storage units

Also buys water from CITY OF FAIRFIELD.

Historical readings · EPA Six-Year Review (2012–2019)

1 contaminant historically over EPA limits in City of Vacaville, CA

About this data

Every U.S. public water system reports compliance-monitoring data to EPA. The Six-Year Review releases the 2012–2019 window as a single dataset — here's what your system reported, year by year. Values shown are the highest detection per analyte per year, compared to the federal MCL.

ContaminantWorst detectionEPA limitYears (2012–2019)
CHROMIUM
worst: 2013
0.152 mg/L
1.5×
15.2× the national p90
0.1 mg/L
'13'14'16'17'18'19
TTHM
worst: 2016
0.076 mg/L
95%
0.08 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'19
ARSENIC
worst: 2012
0.0085 mg/L
85%
near national p90
0.01 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
HAA5
worst: 2019
0.035 mg/L
within
0.06 mg/L
'18'19
NITRATE
worst: 2012
4.81 mg/L
within
10 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
CADMIUM
worst: 2019
0.0023 mg/L
within
near national p90
0.005 mg/L
'12'13'19
NITRATE NITRITE
worst: 2018
3.8 mg/L
within
10 mg/L
'17'18'19
FLUORIDE
worst: 2014
1 mg/L
within
4 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'18'19
BROMATE
worst: 2016
0.0011 mg/L
within
0.01 mg/L
'16
BARIUM
worst: 2014
0.14 mg/L
within
near national p90
2 mg/L
'14'17
URANIUM
worst: 2018
0.00283 ug/L
within
below national p90
30 ug/L
'18
COPPER
worst: 2014
0.107 mg/L
below national p90
'14'19
LEAD
worst: 2014
0.0064 mg/L
'14'16'18'19
DBAA
worst: 2018
0.0031 mg/L
'18'19
DCAA
worst: 2018
0.016 mg/L
'18'19
TCAA
worst: 2018
0.01 mg/L
'18'19
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE
worst: 2012
0.0064 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'19
CHLOROFORM
worst: 2012
0.022 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'17'19
DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE
worst: 2012
0.0032 mg/L
'12'13'14'15'16'19
PWSID CA4810008 · Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 (2012–2019). Values are the highest detection in each calendar year; non-detect years are omitted. Year tags above show every year with a detection.

Physical & aggregate

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
ColorA measure of visible tint in the water.98.07142857142857 UNITSAverageSource waterAt or above the limit
OdorA measure of detectable smell in the water.7 TONAverageEntry pointAt or above the limit
TurbidityA measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water.5.812857142857143 NTUAverageSource waterAt or above the limit
Total Dissolved SolidsTotal dissolved solids — the combined content of all dissolved minerals and salts.344.2857142857143 MG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
Specific ConductanceA measure of how well water conducts electricity, which tracks dissolved mineral content.527 UMHO/CMAverageOtherWithin the limit
AlkalinityA measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids.127.54761904761905 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
HardnessA measure of dissolved calcium and magnesium minerals.160 MG/LAverageOtherDetected — no federal limit
pHA measure of how acidic or basic the water is.8.27 PHAverageOtherDetected — no federal limit
TemperatureThe measured temperature of the water sample.12 CAverageOtherDetected — no federal limit

Metals

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
IronA naturally occurring metal common in groundwater.395 UG/LAverageSource waterAt or above the limit
Chromium, HexavalentHexavalent chromium ('chromium-6') — the more toxic form of chromium.7.04375 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
AluminumA common element sometimes used as a treatment coagulant.349.2857142857143 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
ManganeseA naturally occurring metal from soil and rock.12.285714285714286 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
NickelA metal from natural deposits and industrial discharge.2.9857142857142853 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
SeleniumA trace element from natural deposits and industrial discharge.1.2142857142857142 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
ZincA naturally occurring metal that can also enter water from corroding pipes.3.7142857142857144 UG/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
AntimonyNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
BerylliumNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
MercuryA toxic metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial runoff.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
ThalliumNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
BoronA naturally occurring element from rock and soil.164 UG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
CalciumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.16.433333333333334 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
MagnesiumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness.22 MG/LAverageOtherDetected — no federal limit
PotassiumA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil.4.1 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
SodiumA naturally occurring salt component.51.142857142857146 MG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit
Vanadium14.728571428571428 UG/LAverageSource waterDetected — no federal limit

Radionuclides

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
Gross AlphaGross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances.5.24 PCI/LAverageSource waterWithin the limit
Combined RadiumCombined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements.Not detected PCI/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected

Inorganic chemicals

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
SulfateA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil.95 MG/LAverageOtherWithin the limit
ChlorideA naturally occurring salt compound.19 MG/LAverageOtherWithin the limit
CyanideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
NitriteA compound from fertilizer runoff, sewage, and erosion of natural deposits.Not detected MG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Ammonia0.033 MG/LAverageOtherDetected — no federal limit

Disinfection byproducts

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
ChlorateA byproduct that can form during disinfection, especially when hypochlorite solutions degrade.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ChloriteNot detected MG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
PerchlorateA chemical used in rocket fuel and fireworks that can also form during disinfection.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
BromoformA trihalomethane disinfection byproduct.0.9975 UG/LAverageDistributionDetected — no federal limit

Other

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
CarbofuranNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Carbon TetrachlorideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
ChlordaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ChlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Cis Dichloroethylene 12Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
DehaNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DehpNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Dichloroethane 12Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Dichloroethylene 11Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Dichloropropane 12Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DinosebNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DiquatNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EdbNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EndothallNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EndrinNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
GlyphosateNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
HeptachlorNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Heptachlor EpoxideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
HexachlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
HexachlorocyclopentadieneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
MbaaNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistributionNone detected
McaaNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistributionNone detected
MethoxychlorNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
O DichlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
OxamylNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
P DichlorobenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Pcb TotalNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
PceNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
PentachlorophenolNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
PicloramNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
StyreneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
TceNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ToxapheneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Trans Dichloroethylene 12Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Trichlorobenzene 124Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Trichloroethane 111Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected
Trichloroethane 112Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
TwofourdNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Vinyl ChlorideNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleOtherNone detected

PFAS ("forever chemicals")

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)ADONA, a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)4:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
8:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acidHFPO-DA ('GenX chemicals'), a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA)N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA)N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA)Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound.Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)Perfluorodecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)Perfluorododecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoroheptanoic acidPerfluoroheptanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluorohexanoic acidPerfluorohexanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluorononanoic acidPerfluorononanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoropentanoic acidPerfluoropentanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA)Perfluorotetradecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA)Perfluorotridecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)Perfluoroundecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
PFBAPerfluorobutanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.'Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected

VOCs & pesticides

ContaminantMeasuredStatus
1,2,3-TCPNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
AtrazineA widely used agricultural herbicide that reaches water through runoff.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
BenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Benzo(a)pyreneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ChloroethaneA volatile organic compound used in some industrial processes.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
ChloromethaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DalaponNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DichlorodifluoromethaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
DichloromethaneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
EthylbenzeneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
SimazineNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
TolueneNot detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
XylenesA group of industrial solvents found in gasoline and paint.Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource waterNone detected
Source: City of Vacaville, CA's 2026 Consumer Confidence Report — the annual drinking-water report every U.S. utility is required to publish. The numbers on this page are the utility's own. A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.

People also ask about City of Vacaville, CA's water

+Is City of Vacaville, CA tap water safe to drink in 2026?

The 2026 Consumer Confidence Report for the City of Vacaville, CA water utility lists 4 contaminants at or above the federal limit: Color, Odor, Iron, and Turbidity. Whether that means the water is "unsafe" depends on which contaminant, how long the exposure, and individual health factors. The table on this page shows the measured value, the federal threshold, and the regulated statistic used for compliance.

+What contaminants are in City of Vacaville, CA tap water?

132 contaminants were measured in City of Vacaville, CA's 2026 Consumer Confidence Report, spanning other, pfas ("forever chemicals"), and metals. 83 have an enforceable federal limit; the rest are detected but unregulated. Every measured value, in the utility's own units, is on this page.

+Which contaminants exceed federal limits in City of Vacaville, CA tap water?

4 contaminants in City of Vacaville, CA's 2026 report sit at or above the federal limit: Color (6.5× the limit); Odor (2.3× the limit); Iron (1.3× the limit); Turbidity (1.2× the limit). The EPA enforces these limits against the regulated reporting statistic — typically a running annual average or 90th percentile — not a one-off sample spike.

+What is the worst contaminant in City of Vacaville, CA tap water?

The contaminant with the highest measured value relative to its federal limit in the 2026 report is Color, at 6.5× the federal threshold. It belongs to the physical & aggregate family of contaminants.

+Where does the data on this page come from?

Every value is transcribed from City of Vacaville, CA's 2026 Consumer Confidence Report — the annual drinking-water report every U.S. public water utility is required by federal law to publish. The original source document is archived and viewable on this site. A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.

+How often is City of Vacaville, CA's water quality data updated?

Each U.S. public water utility publishes one Consumer Confidence Report per year, covering the prior calendar year's measurements. This page reflects the 2026 report; a new report will replace it once the utility publishes its next annual update.

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