Drinking water quality · 2024
· Verified
What's in Cws - Visalia, CA tap water
120 contaminants were measured in the Cws - Visalia, CA water system's 2024 annual report. Each is shown below against its federal limit — 3 sit at or above that limit.
- Reporting year
- 2024
- Contaminants measured
- 120
- Over federal limit
- 3
- Approaching the limit
- 0
- Worst contaminant
- PFOS
- Service area
- CA
1.7× the limit
state-level CCR
At or above the federal limit
Where your water comes from · EPA SDWIS
Cws - Visalia, CA's drinking water comes from ground water, drawn from 60 sources.
Source
60ground water
- WELL 83-01 - BEFORE _GAC-TCP
- WELL 16-02 - BEFORE_GAC-TCP
- WELL 82-01 - BEFORE_GAC-TCP
- WELL 12-01 - RAW
- + 56 more
Treatment
56treatment plants
- WELL 30-01 - CL2
- WELL 82-01 - GAC_EFF-TCP
- WELL 81-01 - CL2
- + 53 more
Distribution
0storage units
Also buys water from TULARE COUNTY CIVIC CENTER.
Source: EPA SDWIS facilities inventory. Methodology.
PFAS ("forever chemicals")
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| PFOSPerfluorooctanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in firefighting foam and coatings. | 6.8999999999999995 ng/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 4 ng/LMCL | At or above the limit |
| PFOAPerfluorooctanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical' once used in nonstick and stain-resistant products. | 4.2 ng/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 4 ng/LMCL | At or above the limit |
| Perfluorohexanesulfonic acidPerfluorohexanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 0.09 ng/LAverageGroundwater | 3 ng/LNL | Within the limit |
| 11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| 4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)ADONA, a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)4:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| 8:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| 9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid, a chlorinated PFAS compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acidHFPO-DA ('GenX chemicals'), a newer-generation PFAS replacement compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA)N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA)N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA)Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)Perfluorodecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)Perfluorododecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA)Perfluorotetradecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA)Perfluorotridecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)Perfluoroundecanoic acid, a longer-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | Not detected NG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| 6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid, a PFAS-related compound. | 4.288461538461538 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluorobutanesulfonic acidPerfluorobutanesulfonic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 4.3 ng/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluoroheptanoic acidPerfluoroheptanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 1.8272413793103448 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluorohexanoic acidPerfluorohexanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 4.714705882352941 NG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluorononanoic acidPerfluorononanoic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 1.1579310344827587 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid, a PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 2.746153846153846 NG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Perfluoropentanoic acidPerfluoropentanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 51.666666666666664 NG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| PFBAPerfluorobutanoic acid, a shorter-chain PFAS 'forever chemical.' | 22.77777777777778 NG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
VOCs & pesticides
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,2,3-TCP | 0.005178454106280193 UG/LAverageSource water | 0.005 UG/LMCL | At or above the limit |
| XylenesA group of industrial solvents found in gasoline and paint. | 0.25737704918032783 UG/LAverageSource water | 1750 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| AtrazineA widely used agricultural herbicide that reaches water through runoff. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 1 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Benzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 1 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 0.2 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| ChloroethaneA volatile organic compound used in some industrial processes. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| Chloromethane | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| DBCP1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane — a banned soil fumigant pesticide. | Not detected ng/LAverageGroundwater | 200 ng/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Dichlorodifluoromethane | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| Dichloromethane | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Ethylbenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 300 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Simazine | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 4 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| TetrachloroethyleneAn industrial solvent (PCE) used in dry cleaning and degreasing. | Not detected ug/LAverageGroundwater | 5 ug/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Toluene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 150 UG/LMCL | None detected |
Inorganic chemicals
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| NitrateA compound from fertilizer runoff, septic systems, and erosion of natural deposits. | 4.309090909090909 MG/LAverageEntry point | 10 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| FluorideA mineral often added to drinking water to help prevent tooth decay. | 0.06785714285714287 MG/LAverageEntry point | 2 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| ChlorideA naturally occurring salt compound. | 15.5 MG/LAverageEntry point | 500 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| SulfateA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil. | 14.285714285714286 MG/LAverageEntry point | 500 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Cyanide | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 150 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| NitriteA compound from fertilizer runoff, sewage, and erosion of natural deposits. | Not detected MG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 1 MG/LMCL | None detected |
| BromideA naturally occurring salt found in source water. | 0.1645 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Radionuclides
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gross AlphaGross alpha particle activity — a combined measure of alpha-emitting radioactive substances. | 4.554285714285714 PCI/LAverageSource water | 15 PCI/LMCL | Within the limit |
| UraniumA naturally occurring radioactive metal from erosion of natural deposits. | 2.625 PCI/LAverageSource water | 20 PCI/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Combined RadiumCombined radium-226 and radium-228 — naturally occurring radioactive elements. | 0.08987142857142857 PCI/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Other
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate Nitrite | 2.5889655172413795 MG/LAverageSource water | 10 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Pce | 1.0424590163934426 UG/LAverageSource water | 5 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Chromium | 4.607142857142857 UG/LAverageEntry point | 50 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Carbon Tetrachloride | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 0.5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Chlorobenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 70 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Cis Dichloroethylene 12 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 6 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dbaa | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistribution | None set | None detected |
| Dcaa | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistribution | None set | None detected |
| Deha | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 400 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dehp | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 4 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dichloroethane 12 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 0.5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dichloroethylene 11 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 6 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Dichloropropane 12 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Edb | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 0.05 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Endothall | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 100 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Mbaa | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistribution | None set | None detected |
| Mcaa | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistribution | None set | None detected |
| O Dichlorobenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 600 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| P Dichlorobenzene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Styrene | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 100 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Tcaa | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistribution | None set | None detected |
| Tce | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trans Dichloroethylene 12 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 10 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trichlorobenzene 124 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trichloroethane 111 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 200 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Trichloroethane 112 | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Vinyl Chloride | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 0.5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
Disinfectants
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| ChlorineA disinfectant added to drinking water to kill bacteria and viruses. | 0.97 mg/LAverageDistribution System-Wide | 4 mg/LMRDL | Within the limit |
Physical & aggregate
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| ColorA measure of visible tint in the water. | 2.6724137931034484 UNITSAverageSource water | 15 UNITSMCL | Within the limit |
| Total Dissolved SolidsTotal dissolved solids — the combined content of all dissolved minerals and salts. | 156.55172413793105 MG/LAverageSource water | 1000 MG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Specific ConductanceA measure of how well water conducts electricity, which tracks dissolved mineral content. | 227.05882352941177 UMHO/CMAverageSource water | 1600 UMHO/CMMCL | Within the limit |
| TurbidityA measure of cloudiness from suspended particles in the water. | 0.2968965517241379 NTUAverageSource water | 5 NTUMCL | Within the limit |
| OdorA measure of detectable smell in the water. | Not detected TONHighest single sampleSource water | 3 TONMCL | None detected |
| AlkalinityA measure of the water's capacity to neutralize acids. | 57.764367816091955 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| HardnessA measure of dissolved calcium and magnesium minerals. | 68.65517241379311 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| pHA measure of how acidic or basic the water is. | 7.14448275862069 PHAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Metals
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| ArsenicA naturally occurring element that also enters water from industry and agriculture. | 0.9730769230769231 UG/LAverageSource water | 10 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| Chromium, HexavalentHexavalent chromium ('chromium-6') — the more toxic form of chromium. | 0.9119444444444444 UG/LAverageSource water | 10 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| IronA naturally occurring metal common in groundwater. | 24.23076923076923 UG/LAverageSource water | 300 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| BariumA metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial discharge. | 43.4 UG/LAverageEntry point | 1000 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| ManganeseA naturally occurring metal from soil and rock. | 0.7019230769230769 UG/LAverageSource water | 50 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| ZincA naturally occurring metal that can also enter water from corroding pipes. | 21.8 UG/LAverageEntry point | 5000 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| CopperA metal that enters water from corroding household plumbing. | 4.2785714285714285 UG/LAverageEntry point | 1000 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| AluminumA common element sometimes used as a treatment coagulant. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 1000 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Antimony | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 6 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Beryllium | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 4 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Cadmium | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 5 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| LeadA toxic metal that leaches into water from old service lines, solder, and plumbing fixtures. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| LithiumA naturally occurring element found in some groundwater. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | None set | None detected |
| MercuryA toxic metal from erosion of natural deposits and industrial runoff. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 2 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| NickelA metal from natural deposits and industrial discharge. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleEntry point | 100 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| PotassiumA naturally occurring mineral from rock and soil. | Not detected MG/LHighest single sampleSource water | None set | None detected |
| SeleniumA trace element from natural deposits and industrial discharge. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 50 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| Thallium | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 2 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| CalciumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. | 12.912068965517241 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| MagnesiumA naturally occurring mineral that contributes to water hardness. | 1.8790322580645162 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| SilicaA naturally occurring compound from sand and rock. | 18.4 MG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| SodiumA naturally occurring salt component. | 17.900000000000002 MG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Strontium | 301.8181818181818 UG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| Vanadium | 16.20769230769231 UG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Disinfection byproducts
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| TTHMTotal trihalomethanes — a group of four chemicals (including chloroform) formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter. | 0.4697674418604651 UG/LAverageEntry point | 80 UG/LMCL | Within the limit |
| HAA5Haloacetic acids — a group of five disinfection byproducts formed when disinfectants react with organic matter. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleDistribution | 60 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| PerchlorateA chemical used in rocket fuel and fireworks that can also form during disinfection. | Not detected UG/LHighest single sampleSource water | 6 UG/LMCL | None detected |
| BromodichloromethaneA trihalomethane disinfection byproduct. | 0.25737704918032783 UG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| BromoformA trihalomethane disinfection byproduct. | 0.2540983606557377 UG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| ChloroformA trihalomethane formed when chlorine reacts with organic matter in water. | 0.6244186046511628 UG/LAverageEntry point | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
| DibromochloromethaneA trihalomethane disinfection byproduct. | 0.25737704918032783 UG/LAverageSource water | None set | Detected — no federal limit |
Microbial
| Contaminant | Measured | Federal limit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Escherichia coli (E. coli)Escherichia coli — bacteria found in the gut of humans and animals. | 0MaximumDistribution System-Wide Highest Monthly | 0MCL | None detected |
Source: Cws - Visalia, CA's 2024 Consumer Confidence Report — the annual drinking-water report every U.S. utility is required to publish. The numbers on this page are the utility's own. A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.
People also ask about Cws - Visalia, CA's water
+Is Cws - Visalia, CA tap water safe to drink in 2024?
The 2024 Consumer Confidence Report for the Cws - Visalia, CA water utility lists 3 contaminants at or above the federal limit: PFOS, PFOA, and 1,2,3-TCP. Whether that means the water is "unsafe" depends on which contaminant, how long the exposure, and individual health factors. The table on this page shows the measured value, the federal threshold, and the regulated statistic used for compliance.
+What contaminants are in Cws - Visalia, CA tap water?
120 contaminants were measured in Cws - Visalia, CA's 2024 Consumer Confidence Report, spanning pfas ("forever chemicals"), other, and metals. 69 have an enforceable federal limit; the rest are detected but unregulated. Every measured value, in the utility's own units, is on this page.
+Which contaminants exceed federal limits in Cws - Visalia, CA tap water?
3 contaminants in Cws - Visalia, CA's 2024 report sit at or above the federal limit: PFOS (1.7× the limit); PFOA (1.1× the limit); 1,2,3-TCP (1.0× the limit). The EPA enforces these limits against the regulated reporting statistic — typically a running annual average or 90th percentile — not a one-off sample spike.
+What is the worst contaminant in Cws - Visalia, CA tap water?
The contaminant with the highest measured value relative to its federal limit in the 2024 report is PFOS, at 1.7× the federal threshold. It belongs to the pfas ("forever chemicals") family of contaminants.
+Where does the data on this page come from?
Every value is transcribed from Cws - Visalia, CA's 2024 Consumer Confidence Report — the annual drinking-water report every U.S. public water utility is required by federal law to publish. The original source document is archived and viewable on this site. A water-quality report covers an entire service area, not a single address.
+How often is Cws - Visalia, CA's water quality data updated?
Each U.S. public water utility publishes one Consumer Confidence Report per year, covering the prior calendar year's measurements. This page reflects the 2024 report; a new report will replace it once the utility publishes its next annual update.
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